資源描述:
《超聲引導下經(jīng)皮肝穿刺膽道引流》由會員上傳分享,免費在線閱讀,更多相關內(nèi)容在教育資源-天天文庫。
1、超聲引導下經(jīng)皮肝穿刺膽道引流PercutaneousTranshepaticCholangiographyandDrainage夏喜剛楊志奇孫振綱申報科室:肝膽外科2012年12月12日Purpose當膽道因結(jié)石或腫瘤造成阻塞,膽汁無法引流到十二指腸,為避免膽汁滯留而造成感染,必須將膽汁引流。經(jīng)皮穿肝膽道引流術即在超音波或X光透視下,在上腹經(jīng)過皮膚及肝臟放置一條引流管到肝內(nèi)的膽管或膽囊,來達到引流膽汁的目的。Anatomy膽汁的流向肝細胞分泌膽汁→微膽管→膽小管→膽管→左右肝管→總肝管→膽囊管→總膽管→胰管→肝胰壺腹→開
2、口於十二指腸乳頭(歐迪氏括約肌)DiameterofcommonbileductNormalpatient----lessthan4mm.Obstructivejaundice---greaterthan11mm.Highlysuspicious---between7to11mm.Gallbladder底部(fundus)體部(body)頸部(neck)GallbladderwallthicknessNormaldistendedGB------1-2mmasingleechogeniclayerPhysiologica
3、llycontractedGB3-4mmPathology阻塞性黃疸原因:良性結(jié)石膽管炎或術后造成的狹窄膽道出血惡性CBDtumorPancreaticheadcaAmpularvatercaHCC(tumorthrombus)ChiefcomplainYellowishskinTeacolorurineClaycolorstoolSkinitchingLabdataTotalbilirubinAlkaline-PWBCIndication因結(jié)石或腫瘤引起的膽道阻塞。外傷或開刀引起的膽道挫傷及膽汁外漏。放置金屬支架之前置
4、步驟。膽管內(nèi)置放射線治療之前置步驟。外科取石Contraindication凝血功能不佳腹水廣泛轉(zhuǎn)移性肝腫瘤造成阻塞性黃疸癌末病人PreparationVisitingpatientandchecklab.Data.Reviewpreviousradiologicalexamination.Antibioticprophylaxis(IV).Analgesic/sedativepremedicationNPO4~6hoursMaterialsN/SXylocaineAIC造影劑chibaneedleTelfon-need
5、le/sheath6#cruiserPTCD包GuildeWireConnectingtubeTie橡皮管引流袋Pre-PTCDimagingstudyChestfilmPlainKUBSonographyComputedtomographyERCPMRCPMethods穿刺右葉肝內(nèi)膽管穿刺左葉肝內(nèi)膽管穿刺膽囊方法內(nèi)留置管引流法Procedure超音波定位plainfilm消毒局部麻醉Procedure穿刺達定位后拔內(nèi)針打造影劑找膽道抽Bile放GuideWire打造影劑做膽道造影放pig-tail引流袋固定Postpr
6、ocedurecareBedrestCheckBpandvitalsignWoundcareRecordbiledrainedamountRecordbilecolorchangeCheckserumbilirubinComplicationsBleedingSepsisBileleakage,bileperitonitisHepaticarterialinjuryPneumothorax,biliarypleuralfistulaDeathPTCD的優(yōu)缺點優(yōu)點易執(zhí)行取結(jié)石缺點疼痛出血、感染ThankYouforYour
7、Attention!