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1、蘋果采摘擬人機(jī)械臂運(yùn)動(dòng)分析與工作空間仿真摘要采摘作業(yè)是蘋果園生產(chǎn)管理中一個(gè)極為關(guān)鍵的作業(yè)環(huán)節(jié),對(duì)保證蘋果的及吋采收和采后品質(zhì)有非常重要的影響。課題的研宂在對(duì)國(guó)內(nèi)外蘋果采摘機(jī)械化作業(yè)研宂現(xiàn)狀、存在問(wèn)題和研宂熱點(diǎn)進(jìn)行分析的基礎(chǔ)上,從機(jī)械仿生的角度,在構(gòu)建擬人上肢蘋果采摘機(jī)構(gòu)運(yùn)動(dòng)模型的基礎(chǔ)上,對(duì)蘋果采摘擬人機(jī)械臂進(jìn)行運(yùn)動(dòng)分析,并用實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行工作空間仿真驗(yàn)證,為擬人上肢蘋果采摘機(jī)械臂的研發(fā)提供理論依據(jù)。在對(duì)人體手臂的初步認(rèn)識(shí)了解之后,對(duì)于仿人體手臂機(jī)械臂的設(shè)計(jì)中也采用七自由度機(jī)械愾。之后再根據(jù)人體各個(gè)關(guān)節(jié)的結(jié)構(gòu)認(rèn)識(shí),在現(xiàn)有的機(jī)構(gòu)模型巾選擇該機(jī)械愾的各個(gè)關(guān)節(jié)的機(jī)構(gòu)模型。最終定下來(lái)
2、的機(jī)械臂的關(guān)節(jié)A巾度數(shù)分配。同樣采用人體的手臂關(guān)節(jié)自巾度分布,在肩關(guān)節(jié)設(shè)置3個(gè)自由度,肘關(guān)節(jié)設(shè)貫2個(gè)自由度,腕關(guān)節(jié)也同樣設(shè)置2個(gè)自由度??偨Y(jié)人體上肢運(yùn)動(dòng)方式以及運(yùn)動(dòng)過(guò)程,參考各類有關(guān)關(guān)節(jié)機(jī)器人研究的籍后,擬采用研究關(guān)節(jié)機(jī)器人的普遍計(jì)算方法--D-H計(jì)算方法來(lái)完成該蘋果采摘機(jī)械臂的運(yùn)動(dòng)分析。在已知各個(gè)自由度分布的情況下,采川D-H方法建立各個(gè)自由度上的坐標(biāo)系,利用D-H算法建立各個(gè)坐標(biāo)系的旋轉(zhuǎn)矩陣。最終得到整個(gè)機(jī)械臂的正運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)方程。在得到正運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)方程之后,首先根裾査人體工程學(xué)庫(kù)屮的人體上臂的各個(gè)關(guān)節(jié)的關(guān)節(jié)角的運(yùn)動(dòng)范圍,以及正常成年男性的手臂的結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)。在得到這些有關(guān)參數(shù)之后
3、,利用matlab數(shù)學(xué)軟件編寫程序,來(lái)完成機(jī)械臂末端的工作空間仿真。關(guān)鍵詞:人體上肢;D-H算法;自由度;仿真;matlabApplepickingpersonificationmechanicalmovementanalysisandsimulationworkspaceAbstracPickingtheappleorchardinthemanagementofproductionassignmentisaveryimportantworklink,toensurethetimelycollectingandapplepostharvestqualityhavevery
4、importantinfluence.Topicresearchindomesticandabroadapplepickingmechanicalworkresearchsituation,theexistingproblemsandtheresearchfocusonthebasisoftheanalysisof,fromthepointofviewofmechanicalbionic,inconstructingthepersonificationupperlimbsapplepickingmechanismmotionmodel,onthebasisofapplep
5、ickingpersonificationmanipulatorsonmovementanalysis,andtheexperimentaldatasimulationvalidationworkspace,upperpickingapplesforpersonificationofmechanicalarmprovidesthetheorybasisforresearchanddevelopment.Inthearmtothehumanbodyafterpreliminaryunderstanding,tocopyhumanarmofmechanicalarmdesig
6、nalsoUSESfreedomsevenmechanicalarm.Thenaccordingtothestructureofthehumanbodyeachjointunderstanding,inexistinginstitutionsinthemodelselectionofmechanicalarmofeachjointmechanismmodel.Eventuallycomedownsurelyjointdegreeofmechanicalarmfreedistribution.Alsoadoptshumanarmjointdistributionoffree
7、dom,shoulderthreedegreesoffreedominsetting,setuptwoaxleselbow,wristjointalsosetuptwodegreesoffreedom.Summarizethehumanbodyupperlimbsofexerciseandthemovementprocess,referenceconcerningvariousjointrobotresearchbooks,isusedtostudytheuniversaljointrobotcalculationmethod