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1、畢業(yè)論文電動(dòng)自行車驅(qū)動(dòng)系統(tǒng)研究摘要隨著社會(huì)文明的發(fā)展,科學(xué)的進(jìn)步,人類物質(zhì)文化生活水平的提高和環(huán)保、能源意識(shí)的增強(qiáng),社會(huì)呼喚著一種無污染、噪聲低、操作簡(jiǎn)單、速度適中的個(gè)人交通代步工具。電動(dòng)自行車作為一種理想的“綠色”代步工具,為人們帶來了福音??紤]到我國(guó)目前的國(guó)情,電動(dòng)自行車將迅速得到普及。本課題采用ATMEL公司AVR系列單片機(jī)ATmgea16作為控制芯片,兼顧成本與性能要求,做了以下方面的工作:首先,綜述了電動(dòng)自行車和稀土無刷直流電機(jī)的國(guó)內(nèi)外的發(fā)展?fàn)顩r,基于其應(yīng)用的特點(diǎn),對(duì)電機(jī)的類型、控制策略、功率變換器與控制核心進(jìn)行了綜合的考慮
2、,提出了適合此情況的稀土無刷直流電機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)系統(tǒng)方案。其次,根據(jù)AVR單片機(jī)的特點(diǎn)詳細(xì)設(shè)計(jì)了系統(tǒng)的控制策略:將電流檢測(cè)設(shè)計(jì)成分流電阻間接測(cè)流;將調(diào)速系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)為電流、速度雙閉環(huán)控制,以保證調(diào)速的精度和響應(yīng)速度,并在軟件中分別用PI算法來實(shí)現(xiàn);制定了電機(jī)“軟起動(dòng)”控制方案;采用了高性能的驅(qū)動(dòng)集成電路IR2130來驅(qū)動(dòng)MOFSET組成的全橋逆變電路;將PWM波的發(fā)生及系統(tǒng)保護(hù)等功能采用主控芯片集中處理,增加了系統(tǒng)的可靠性。最后,依據(jù)控制策略設(shè)計(jì)了系統(tǒng)軟、硬件。關(guān)鍵詞:稀土無刷直流電機(jī)AVR控制系統(tǒng)PWMVAbstractWiththedevel
3、opmentofsocialcivilizationandscientificprogress,humanmaterialandculturallivingstandardsandenvironmentalprotection,energy,awarenessofthecommunitycallingforapollution-free,lownoise,simpleoperation,thespeedofpersonaltransportationaffordablemeansoftransport-Asanideal"green"
4、meansoftransport,electricbicyclebringsthegospel-TakingintoaccountChina'scurrentsituation,theelectricbikewillsoonbeuniversal.TheissueusesAVRMCUATmgea16ofATMELCompanyasthecontroller,takingintoaccountofthecostandperformancerequirements,doingthefollowingwork:Firstreviewingt
5、heelectricbicycleandrareearthbrushlessDCmotordevelopmentathomeandabroad,basingonthecharacteristicsofitsapplication,takingintoacomprehensiveaccountthetypeofmotor,controlstrategy,powerconverterandthecontrolofthecore-Adrivesystemsolutionsisproposedforthissituationrareearth
6、brushlessDCmotor.Secondly,accordingtothecharacteristicsofAVRmicrocontroller,Idesignedthesystemcontrolstrategydetailed:currentdetectionshuntresistordesignedtoindirectlymeasuretheflow;speedcontrolsystemdesignedforcurrent,velocity,double-loopcontroltoensuretheaccuracyandsp
7、eedofresponsespeed,andPIwasusedinthesoftwarealgorithmtoachieve;developingamotor"softstart"controlscheme;usinghigh-performanceintegratedcircuitIR2130drivertodriveMOFSETfull-bridgeinvertercircuitcomprising;thePWMwaveoccurrenceandsystemprotectionfeaturessuchascentralizedco
8、ntrolchipusedtoincreasetheVsystemreliability.Finally,designingthesoftwareandhardwareofthesystembasedonthecontr