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1、第21卷第5期生命科學(xué)Vol.21,No.52009年10月ChineseBulletinofLifeSciencesOct.,2009文章編號：1004-0374(2009)05-0663-06胚胎干細(xì)胞及誘導(dǎo)多能干細(xì)胞向心肌細(xì)胞分化和調(diào)控的研究進(jìn)展梁 賀，王 嘉，曹 楠，黃吉均，楊黃恬*(中國科學(xué)院干細(xì)胞生物學(xué)重點(diǎn)實驗室，健康科學(xué)研究所，中國科學(xué)院上海生命科學(xué)研究院/上海交通大學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)院，上海200025)摘 要：胚胎干細(xì)胞(embryonicstemcells,ESCs)具有自我更新、無限增殖和多向分化的特性，包括分化成心臟組織的多種類型細(xì)胞。經(jīng)體細(xì)胞重編程產(chǎn)生的誘
2、導(dǎo)多能干細(xì)胞(inducedpluripotentstemcells,iPS)也被證明有類似胚胎干細(xì)胞的特性。但這些多能干細(xì)胞向心肌細(xì)胞自發(fā)分化的效率非常低，因此，如何有效地誘導(dǎo)這些多能干細(xì)胞向心肌細(xì)胞的定向分化對深入認(rèn)識心肌發(fā)生發(fā)育的關(guān)鍵調(diào)控機(jī)制和實現(xiàn)其在藥物發(fā)現(xiàn)和再生醫(yī)學(xué)，如心肌梗塞、心力衰竭的細(xì)胞治療以及心肌組織工程中的應(yīng)用均具有非常重要的意義。該文重點(diǎn)綜述了近年來胚胎干細(xì)胞及誘導(dǎo)多能干細(xì)胞向心肌細(xì)胞分化和調(diào)控的研究進(jìn)展，并探討了這一研究領(lǐng)域亟待解決的關(guān)鍵問題和這些多能干細(xì)胞的應(yīng)用前景。關(guān)鍵詞：干細(xì)胞;胚胎干細(xì)胞;誘導(dǎo)多能干細(xì)胞;心肌細(xì)胞;體外分化中圖分類號：Q8
3、13 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識碼：ADifferentiationofembryonicstemcellsandinducedpluripotentstemcellsintocardiomyocytes:progressesandperspectivesLIANGHe,WANGJia,CAONan,HUANGJi-jun,YANGHuang-tian*(KeyLaboratoryofStemCellBiology,InstituteofHealthScience,ShanghaiInstitutesforBiologicalSciences/ShanghaiJiaotongUnive
4、rsitySchoolofMedicine,Shanghai200025,China)Abstract:Pluripotentembryonicstemcells(ESCs)arecapableofprolongedsymmetricalself-renewalandpossesstheuniquepropertytodifferentiateintoderivativesofallthreeprimarygermlayers,includingspecializedcardiomyocyteswithallcelltypesoftheheart,suchasatria
5、l-like,ventricular-like,sinusnodal-like,andPurkinje-likecells.RecentlygeneratedESC-likepluripotentcellsbyreprogrammingsomaticcells,namedinducedpluripo-tentstemcells(iPSCs),openanewgateforcelltransplantation-basedregenerativemedicine.SpontaneousdifferentiationofESCsandiPSCsintocardiomyocy
6、tesishoweverlimited.Toelucidatetheregulatorymecha-nismsandeffectivelydifferentiatethesepluripotentcellsintospecificcardiomyocytesarecrucialtoobtainfundamentalknowledgeincardiogenesis,screendrugsandpromotetheusageofthesecellsinreplacementtherapy.Thisreviewsummarizesthecurrentstateofdiffer
7、entiationofcardiomyocytesfrommouseandhumanESCsandtheirregulatoryfactors.TheinvitrodifferentiationpotentialofiPSCsintocardiomyocytesisalsodescribed.Finally,thestepsrequiredtofullyharnessthepotentialofthisinvitrodifferentiationsystemandtheapplicationpotentialarediscussed.Ke
