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1、TracesofMadnessinHamletSomepourscornuponmethinkingIamextremelymad,however,asforme,Isomewhatlaughatthemforfewofthemareabletounderstandme,indeed.Thisisaclassicsoliloquyofawell-knowncomediancalledZhouXingchiinhisdramaof“theStoryofTangBohuandQiuxiang,(TangBohuDianQiux
2、iang).”Andtheoriginalutterancerefersto''peoplethoughtIwasmad.ButIknowtherearethingstheydonotknow.(Bierenxiaowotaifengdian,woxiaobierenkanbuchuan.)''Suchtwobriefsentencesimplyafactthatwhatreallyliesbehindanimplicitmadness,tosomeextent,couldhardlybemadeout.Indeed,th
3、ereisnoexceptiontotheworksofWilliamShakespeare.HewasagiantintheperiodofRenaissanceinEurope,andthemostfamousplaywrightinthehistoryofdramaartintheworld.Throughouthislifefulloflegends,hecreatedagreatnumberofastonishingclassicliteraryworks.Accordingtothechronologicalo
4、rder,Shakespeare'scareerasadramatistmaybedividedintofourmajorphaseswhichrepresentrespectivelyhisearly,mature,flourishing,andlateperiodssothatscholarsareabletodiscernaprocessofdevelopmentinhiswork.ThefirstperiodofShakespeare'sdramaticcomposition(1590-1594)wastheper
5、iodofhisapprenticeshipinplay-writing,duringwhichhe,asanewcomertoLondon,madeexperimentsinanumberofdramaticforms:thehistoricalplay,varietiesofcomedy,therevengetragedy,andtheromantictragedy.(劉炳善，1992：68)Duringtheseyears,healsowrote2narrativepoems,andhishistoricalplay
6、"HenryVI"inthreepartswhichrepresentedthehistoryoftheWarsoftheRosesonthestagemarkedhisfirsttheatricalsuccess.ThesecondperiodofShakespeare’sworkwashismatureperiod(1595-1600),mainlyaperiodof"greatcomedies"andmaturehistoricalplays.Itincluded6comedies,5historicalplaysa
7、ndaRomantragedy.His"Sonnets"werealsothoughttobewritteninthisperiod.Shakespearemadeanadvanceineverywayonthebasisoftheachievementsofthefirstperiod,inknowledge,inwisdom,inpoliticalinsight,indramaticskill,increativepower,incharacterization,andinversification.Thethirdp
8、eriod(1601-1607)ofShakespeare'sdramaticcareerwasmainlytheperiodof“greattragedies"and"darkcomedies”.Itincludedthreecomedies:TroilusandCressida,All'sWellT
