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1、第33卷第3期蘭州交通大學(xué)學(xué)報Vol.33No.32014年6月JournalofLanzhouJiaotongUniversityJune2014文章編號:1001-4373(2014)03-0001-05DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1001-4373.2014.03.001基于瞬態(tài)邊界元法的鐵路車輪聲輻射研究*石廣田,楊建近(蘭州交通大學(xué)機(jī)電工程學(xué)院,甘肅蘭州730070)摘要:軌道車輪的振動聲輻射瞬態(tài)特性分析能夠直觀反映車輪結(jié)構(gòu)的時域振動響應(yīng)和時域聲輻射特性.利用有限元/瞬態(tài)邊界元法的計算機(jī)仿真技術(shù),對S形輻板車輪
2、在時域下進(jìn)行振動及聲輻射特性分析.研究結(jié)果表明:踏面和輻板的軸向位移響應(yīng)級基本一致,且輪輞和輻板之間軸向振動存在耦合關(guān)系;踏面、輪輞和輻板軸向位移響應(yīng)級的變化趨勢一致,具有類似于“拍”的周期特性;在車輪軸線上距離車輪30m處的聲壓集中在60~80dB,且隨時間的增加整體緩慢上升,再趨于平穩(wěn);聲壓主要分布在3500Hz以下的頻段.研究結(jié)果為瞬態(tài)聲輻射仿真技術(shù)在車輪振動聲輻射特性研究中的應(yīng)用提供參考.關(guān)鍵詞:軌道車輪;有限元/瞬態(tài)邊界元法;振動響應(yīng);瞬態(tài)聲輻射特性中圖分類號:U211;U491文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼:ACharacteristic
3、sAnalysisofSoundRadiationoftheRailwayWheelBasedonTransientBoundaryElementMethodSHIGuang-tian,YANGJian-jin(SchoolofMechatronicEngineering,LanzhouJiaotongUniversity,Lanzhou730070,China)Abstract:Thenoiseradiationofthewheelisoneofthemainsourcesofwheel/railnoise.Timedo-mai
4、ncharacteristicanalysisofvibrationandsoundradiationoftherailwaywheelcanreflectitstransientcharacteristicsofvibrationresponseandsoundradiation.Bythecomputersimulationoffiniteelementmethodandacoustictransientboundaryelementmethod,thetimedomaincharac-teristicsanalysisofv
5、ibrationandsoundradiationoftherailwaywheelwithS-shapedwebplatearecarriedout.Theresultsshowthat,axialdisplacementresponsesofthetreadandthewebareap-proximatelyinthesamelevel,andthereisaclosecouplingrelationshipbetweenrimandweb;theaxialdisplacementresponsesofthetread,the
6、rimandthewebhavethesametendencywhichhasaperiodicbehaviorsimilartobeatvibration;thesoundpressureatthefieldpoint,30mdistancefromthewheelinaxis,concentratesintherangeof60~80dB,andwiththetimeincrease,ithasageneraltendencythatincreasingslowlyandthentendingtosteady;withthec
7、hangeoftime,soundpressurefrequenciesconcentratebelow3500Hz,andabove3500Hztheyarelittle.Itpro-videsreferencesfortheapplicationoftransientacousticradiationsimulationtechnologyusedinthestudyonradiationcharacteristicsofvibrationandsoundofwheels.Keywords:railwaywheel;finit
8、eelementmethod;acoustictransientboundaryelement;transientvibrationresponse;transientsoundradiationcharacteristics*收稿日期:2014-