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1、I.Multiplechoice.2.在正式英語中，everyAandB和eachAandB都用單數(shù)。Eachsoldierandsailorgivenagun.A.wereB.wasC.amD.are3.hardly…whenHehadhardlybegunwhentheaudienceinterruptedhim他剛開口發(fā)言，就被聽眾打斷了。hardly…when譯為“剛一…就”，這個結(jié)構(gòu)有三個特點(diǎn)：（1）hardly分句中要用過去完成時，而when分句中要用過去時；（2）hardly擱在句首，要求主謂實(shí)行部分倒裝：
2、Hardlyhadwegotintothecountrywhenitbegantorain.（3）hardly可以替換為barely，scarcely：Hehadbarelyarrivedwhenhehadtoleaveagain.Scarcelyhadhegoneoutwhenitbegantorain.4.what….is/areWhat一般理解為thethingwhich，即理解為單數(shù)，因此what在從句中充當(dāng)主語時，其謂語動詞應(yīng)當(dāng)用單數(shù)：Givemewhatthereis.Whatisoverisover.過去的
3、就讓它過去吧。但是有時人們把what理解為thosewhich，或thethingswhich：Whatwereoncetrutharetruenolonger.Insomecountries,whatarecalled“PublicSchools”arenotownedbythestate.當(dāng)what從句充當(dāng)主語從句時，其謂語動詞的數(shù)取決于what所代表的數(shù)的理解：WhatIshouldlikemostforabirthdaypresentisacamera.Whatwereleftbehindwerefiveempt
4、ybottles.WhatIsayanddoaremyownaffair.(√)WhatIsayanddoismyownaffair.(√)8.whether的讓步壯語從句讓步從句中也用be虛擬式，這時通常不用should+v。例如：lEveryonewasbornequal,whetherhebeblackorwhite.lWhateverbethereasonforit,wecannottoleratethisrudeness.lThoughhebethePresidenthimself,heshallhearus.
5、Whether讓步從句可以省略whether，進(jìn)行倒裝：Eachofusmustovercomesomehandicaps–beitaphysicaldisability,limitededucation,insufficientfiancésorsimplelackofconfidence11.D12.D13.Cbetohavedone，該結(jié)構(gòu)表示“本打算”、“本計劃”、“本應(yīng)當(dāng)”做的事而沒有發(fā)生。例如：IwastoseenhimlastWednesdaybuthedidnotcome.我本應(yīng)當(dāng)上周三就見到他，但是他沒
6、來。Weweretohavebeenmarriedlastyear.我們本應(yīng)當(dāng)去年就結(jié)婚?！癏aveyoubeentoMexico?”“No,Ilastyear,butDadwouldn’tletme.”A.wastohavegoneB.weretogoC.wasgoneD.went(Michigan)14.themore…themoreThe+形容詞或副詞比較級…the形容詞或副詞比較級“越…越…”Thequickeryougetready,thesoonerwe’llbeabletoleave.Theolderhei
7、s,thewiserhebecomes.1.前者相當(dāng)于狀語分句，后者為主句2.比較部分可以是補(bǔ)語，狀語，主語，賓語Thelessheworried,thebetterheworked.Thehigherthevelocityofsteam,thegreater(is)theturbinespeed.Themoregrainweproduce,thegreaterwillbeourachievement.Themoreairthereisinsidethetyre,theharderitpushesontheinsideo
8、fthetyre.(3)前后都可以有所省略Thehigherthevelocityofsteam,thegreater(is)theturbinespeed.（4）能采取倒裝詞序Themoregrainweproduce,thegreaterwillbeourachievement.（5）有時可以主句在前，這是這中比
