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1、中文摘要反壟斷法作用的發(fā)揮離不開一個(gè)科學(xué)、權(quán)威、獨(dú)立的執(zhí)法機(jī)構(gòu)。反壟斷執(zhí)法機(jī)構(gòu)的科學(xué)設(shè)置是中國反壟斷法制建設(shè)中的重要一環(huán),我國的反壟斷法遲遲不能推出,反壟斷執(zhí)法機(jī)構(gòu)的設(shè)置就是“攔路虎”之一。本文首先從美國的反壟斷法的產(chǎn)生和發(fā)展入手,追溯反壟斷執(zhí)法機(jī)構(gòu)的起源,分析了反壟斷執(zhí)法機(jī)構(gòu)的內(nèi)在價(jià)值和內(nèi)涵職能,為反壟斷機(jī)構(gòu)的科學(xué)設(shè)置尋找理論依據(jù);研究了美國、日本、意大利、德國、韓國和俄羅斯等國的反壟斷執(zhí)法機(jī)構(gòu)的設(shè)置,通過對比分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)世界各國機(jī)構(gòu)設(shè)置共同特點(diǎn)可以概括為“機(jī)構(gòu)法定,科學(xué)合理,地位較高,職權(quán)獨(dú)立,人員專業(yè),執(zhí)法有力”,這也是我國反壟斷執(zhí)法機(jī)構(gòu)設(shè)置應(yīng)當(dāng)借鑒的重要經(jīng)驗(yàn);結(jié)合
2、我國的實(shí)際情況,分析我國反壟斷執(zhí)法機(jī)構(gòu)所應(yīng)具備的條件,認(rèn)為機(jī)構(gòu)設(shè)置在符合以上共同特點(diǎn)的同時(shí),還必須充分考慮我國的國情,滿足反行政性壟斷的要求、符合經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的現(xiàn)狀和政治體制的框架;對照我國反壟斷執(zhí)法機(jī)構(gòu)設(shè)置的要求,反思我國現(xiàn)行反壟斷執(zhí)法機(jī)構(gòu)的不足,并重點(diǎn)分析了‘反壟斷法(草案)》中執(zhí)法機(jī)構(gòu)“雙層架構(gòu)”方案的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn);提出我國反壟斷執(zhí)法機(jī)構(gòu)設(shè)置的意見和建議,認(rèn)為我國反壟斷執(zhí)法機(jī)構(gòu)應(yīng)當(dāng)在現(xiàn)行行政司法框架的基礎(chǔ)上,按照立法、執(zhí)法和司法分離的原則,分別設(shè)立國家反壟斷委員會、反壟斷監(jiān)察局和反壟斷上訴法庭,相互協(xié)調(diào)、相互制約,共同執(zhí)行反壟斷法。關(guān)鍵詞:反壟斷執(zhí)法機(jī)構(gòu)反壟斷委員會反壟斷監(jiān)
3、察局Abstracti013Antimonopolylawcannotbeeffectwithoutascientific,authoritative,andindependentlawenforcementauthority.ScientificestablishmentofantimonopolylawenforcementauthorityisanimportantissueinestablishingChina’Santimonopolylegislation.Thelackofwhichhasbecomeabighurdleinenforcingantimon
4、opolylawinChinaInthisarticle,theauthordescribedtheoriginofAntimonopolylawenforcementauthority,startingwithitsbirthanddevelopmentintheUnitedStates:analyzeditsinternalvalueandresponsibility,andprovidedtheoreticalbasisforitsscientificestablishment.Inaddition,thrOUghcomparativeanalysisonthee
5、stablishmentofantimonopolylawenforcementauthorityintheU.S.,Japan,Italy,Germany,SouthKorea,andRussia,commoncharacteristicsinestablishinglawenforcementauthorityinthesedifferentcountrieswerefound:establishedbylaw,scientificandreasonable,highstatus,independentauthority,professionalworkers,an
6、dpowerfulenforcement.TheseprinciplesareimportantlessonsthatweshouldlearninestablishingourantimonopolylawenforcementauthorityinChinaFurther,takingconsiderationofChina’Sreality,theauthoranalyzedallthenecessaryconditionsinestablishing"ChineseStyle”antimonopolylawenforcementauthoritythatnoto
7、nlyincorporatethecommoncharacteristicslistedabove,butalsomeettherequirementsforanti—administrative-monopoly,Ⅱandbeappropriateforcurrenteconomicdevelopmentpoliticalframework,andreiteratedtheshortcomingsinthecurrentantimonopolyIawenforcementauthority.Finally,theauthoranalyz