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1、石婷婷:無(wú)線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)節(jié)點(diǎn)部署算法研究摘要無(wú)線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)是當(dāng)前在國(guó)際上倍受關(guān)注的、涉及多學(xué)科交叉、知識(shí)高度集成的前沿?zé)狳c(diǎn)研究領(lǐng)域,它在軍事國(guó)防、工農(nóng)業(yè)、城市管理、生物醫(yī)療、環(huán)境監(jiān)測(cè)、搶險(xiǎn)救災(zāi)、危險(xiǎn)區(qū)域遠(yuǎn)程控制等許多重要領(lǐng)域都有潛在的使用價(jià)值,有著十分廣闊的應(yīng)用前景。本文主要研究了無(wú)線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)節(jié)點(diǎn)部署問題。節(jié)點(diǎn)部署即通過一定的算法布置節(jié)點(diǎn),優(yōu)化現(xiàn)有的網(wǎng)絡(luò)資源,以期網(wǎng)絡(luò)在未來的應(yīng)用中利用率最大或單個(gè)任務(wù)消耗量最小。它是無(wú)線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)應(yīng)用的一個(gè)基本問題,決定著傳感器監(jiān)測(cè)物理空間的效果,進(jìn)而影響傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)的服務(wù)質(zhì)量。本文簡(jiǎn)要介紹了無(wú)線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)及其研究背景,
2、對(duì)目前國(guó)內(nèi)外無(wú)線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)的研究現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行了分析,總結(jié)了無(wú)線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)的關(guān)鍵技術(shù),闡述了無(wú)線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)的發(fā)展趨勢(shì)。其次介紹了無(wú)線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)拓?fù)淇刂萍夹g(shù)的研究意義與設(shè)計(jì)目標(biāo),總結(jié)了拓?fù)淇刂萍夹g(shù)的分類,分析了各種經(jīng)典拓?fù)淇刂品椒āH缓蠼榻B了無(wú)線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)覆蓋與節(jié)點(diǎn)部署問題。總結(jié)了無(wú)線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)覆蓋問題度量指標(biāo),介紹了幾種覆蓋模型,闡述了節(jié)點(diǎn)部署的評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)與研究現(xiàn)狀。針對(duì)節(jié)點(diǎn)數(shù)據(jù)采集率恒定的圓形網(wǎng)絡(luò)場(chǎng)景,根據(jù)避免能量空洞以及降低數(shù)據(jù)冗余度的思想部署傳感器節(jié)點(diǎn),論文提出一種基于數(shù)據(jù)融合的非均勻節(jié)點(diǎn)部署策略。仿真結(jié)果表明該方法能夠緩解能量空洞問題,延長(zhǎng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)生命周期
3、。針對(duì)實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)控網(wǎng)絡(luò)的應(yīng)用需求,論文提出一種具有魯棒性的異構(gòu)傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)部署策略,對(duì)異構(gòu)網(wǎng)絡(luò)中異構(gòu)節(jié)點(diǎn)的部署方法、異構(gòu)節(jié)點(diǎn)的數(shù)量以及普通傳感器節(jié)點(diǎn)的定位方法進(jìn)行了分析。仿真結(jié)果表明,該方法能夠提高有效提高數(shù)據(jù)傳輸?shù)某晒β?,降低普通?jié)點(diǎn)的耗能,延長(zhǎng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的生命時(shí)間。關(guān)鍵詞:無(wú)線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò),拓?fù)淇刂?,?jié)點(diǎn)部署石婷婷:無(wú)線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)節(jié)點(diǎn)部署算法研究IIIAbstractWirelesssensornetworks(WSN)whichisgreatconcemedinternationallyandinvolvesmulti—disciplinarycrossing
4、,isahighlyintegratedknowledgeandahotresearcharea.Ithasverywideapplicationofscene.ApplicationofWSNtechnologyincludemilitaryaffairsandnationaldefence,industryandagriculture,cityoperatio瑪medicaltreatment,environmentalmonitoring,emergencyresuceanddisasterrelief,dangerarearemotecontr
5、olandSOon.ThispapermajorstudiesonsensornodesdeploymentproblemiIlWSN.Algorithmofsensornodedeploymentthroughacertainarrangementofnodes,optimizetheexistingnetworkresources,誦thaviewtonetworkthemaximumutilizationrateorasingletastkinthefutureapplicationofminimumconsumption.It’Soneofth
6、emostbasalproblemsofWSNapplication,determiningtheeffectofphysicalspacemonitor,andaffectingthequalityofWSNserver.ThispaperbrieflyintroducesWSNanditsresearchbackground,analysisthepresentresearchstatusofWNSathomeandabroad,summarizesthekeytechnologyandthedevelopmenttrendofWSN.ThisWa
7、sfollowedbytheintroductionofWSNtopologycontroltechnologyresearchsignificanceanddesignoftarget,thensummarizethetypeoftopologycontroltechnologyandanalysissomeclassicaltopologycontrolmethods.ThenintroduceWSNnodecoverageproblemandnodedeploymentproblem,summarizetheproblemofWSNcoverag
8、emetricsandnodecoveragemodels.Afterthat,introdu