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1、2009上海大學(xué)博士學(xué)位論文摘要本文的主要內(nèi)容包括:1.從一個(gè)3×3矩陣譜問題出發(fā),推導(dǎo)出廣義MKdV方程族,構(gòu)造此方程族Hamilton結(jié)構(gòu),證明在Liouville意義下是可積的.通過對(duì)稱約束得到有限維Hamilton系統(tǒng).通過Lie代數(shù)半直和構(gòu)造可積耦合系統(tǒng),利用變分恒等式得到可積耦合系統(tǒng)的Hamilton結(jié)構(gòu).由擬微分算子技術(shù)構(gòu)造非等譜非交換的KP方程族.2。首次給出兩類變系數(shù)非線性演化方程的Frobenius可積分解,包括變系數(shù)KdV方程,勢(shì)KdV方程,Boussinesq方程,Camassa-Holm方程等.把(2+1)維廣義KP,cKP,mKP方程分解為(1+
2、1)維可積方程,研究2階復(fù)AKNS方程和3階復(fù)AKNS方程的相容解與廣義(2+1)維KP,eKP,mKP方程的解之間的關(guān)系,并利用Darboux變換得到它們的孤子解,進(jìn)而將解表示為雙Wronskian行列式形式.3.分別利用Hirota方法與Wronskian技術(shù)給出五階KdV方程及其約束方程的精確解,并證明兩種解的—致性.將雙Wronskian元素滿足的條件推廣到矩陣情形,導(dǎo)出等譜Levi方程廣義雙Wronskian行列式解,其中包括孤子解、有理解、Matveev解,complexiton解及混合解.給出非等譜Levi方程的雙Wronskian行列式解.研究等譜與非等譜L
3、evi方程孤子解的動(dòng)力學(xué)行為包括單孤子的特征以及雙孤子的散射.關(guān)鍵詞:可積系統(tǒng);可積耦合;Hamilton結(jié)構(gòu);Lax可積性;Liouville可積性;約束流;非交換KP族;可積分解;精確解;Hirota方法;Wronskian技巧;五階KdV方程;等譜Levi方程;非等譜Levi方程;動(dòng)力學(xué)特征.AbstractThemajorcontentsinthisdissertationconsistof:1.ThegeneralizedMKdVequationhierarchyisconstrctedfroma3×3matrixspectralproblem,then,itsH
4、amiltonstructureispresentedandtheLiouvilleintegrabilityisdemonstrated.Byestablishingbinarysymmetricconstraints,theconstrainedflowsofthehierarchyarepresented,whicharethenreducedtofinite-dimensionHamiltonsystems.Then,anintegrablecouplingssystemisobtainedbyapplyingasemi-directsumofLiealgebras
5、.ThentheHamiltonstructureoftheintegrablecouplingsisconstructedbythevariationalidentity.ThenonisospectralnoncommutativeKPhierarchyispresentedbypseudo-differenceoperatortechnique.2.Frobeniusintegrabledecompositionsareintroducedfortwoclassesnonlinearevo-lutionequationswithvariablecoefficients
6、forthefirsttime,includingtheKdVequationandpotentialKdVequation,theBoussinesqequationandtheCamassa-Holmequationwithvariablecoefficientsetc.Thegeneralized(2+1)-dimensionalKP,cKPandmKPweredecomposedintothe(1+1)一dimensionalintegrableequations.Weinvestigatetherelationsbetweentheconsistentsoluti
7、onsofthe2-orderand3-ordercomplexAKNSequationsandthesolutionsofthree(2+1)一dimensionalsolitonequations.WiththehelpoftheDarbouxtransformation,wegettheexplicitsolutionsofthegeneralizedKPequation,cKPequationandmKPequation,andtheyal'epresentedindoubleWronskianform.3