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1、師說OnLearningfromOthers古之學(xué)者必有師，師者，所以傳道受業(yè)解惑也。人非生而知之者，孰能無惑？惑而不從師，其為惑也，終不解矣。生乎吾前，其聞道也固先乎吾，吾從而師之，生乎吾后，其聞道也亦先乎吾，吾從而師之。吾師道也，夫庸知其年之后生于吾乎？是故，無貴無賤，無長無少，道之所存，師之所存也。Learningnecessitatesaninstructor,onwhomwedependtoimpartknowledgetous,teachusthewayoflifeandsolveourpuzzles.Whowould
2、claimtobefreeofbewildermentsincenoonewasbornomniscient?Ifwefeelunsureaboutsomethinganddonotlearnfromothers,theuncertaintywillnotbesolvedallthesame.Thosewhowerebornbeforemewouldprobablyknowthewayoflifebeforeme,Ishouldlearnfromthem;thosewhowerebornaftermebutknewthewayof
3、lifebeforeme,Ishouldalsolearnfromthem.What’sthematterofsomeonebeingolderoryoungerthanmewhenIintendtolearnfromhimorher?Therefore,atalentedpersondeservestobelearnedfromwhetherheorsheisnobleorsimple,oldoryoung.嗟乎！師道之不傳也久矣！欲人之無惑也難矣！古之圣人，其出人也遠(yuǎn)矣，猶且從師而問焉；今之眾人，其下圣人也亦遠(yuǎn)矣，而恥學(xué)于師。
4、是故圣益圣，愚益愚。圣人之所以為圣，愚人之所以為愚，其皆出于此乎？愛其子，擇師而教之；于其身也，則恥師焉，惑矣！。彼童子之師，授之書而習(xí)其句讀者，非吾所謂傳其道解其惑者也。句讀之不知，惑之不解，或師焉，或不焉，小學(xué)而大遺，吾未見其明也。巫醫(yī)，樂師，百工之人，不恥相師。士大夫之族，日師日弟子云者，則群聚而笑之。問之，則曰：“彼與彼年相若也，道相似也，位卑則足羞，官盛則近庚?！眴韬簦煹乐粡?fù)，可知矣。巫醫(yī)樂師百工之人，君子不齒，今其智乃反不能及，其可怪也歟！Alas,itisalongtimesincethetraditionofl
5、earningfromotherswascutoff.Soitisdifficulttoexpectpeopletobefreefrompuzzles.Saintsofancienttimesoutdidusinvirtue,buttheystilllearnedfromothers;commonpeopleoftodayfallbehindfaroff,buttheytakeitasashametolearnfromothers.Asaresult,thewisebecomeswiserandthefoolmorefoolish
6、.Isthistheoutcomeofthephenomenon?Adevotedparenthiresaninstructortoteachhisoffspringbutfeelsshamefultolearnhimself.Howstupidheis.Thehiredteacherteachingsomeonetoreadandwriteisnottheonewhoteachesustoknowthewayoflifeandsolvesourpuzzles.Howcansomeonewhocannotevenreadandwr
7、ithesolvehisbewilderment?Tothis,hemaylearnfromothersormaynotdosoatall.Itisnotwiseoradvisabletolearntosolvepettyfleabitesbutmisstolearntoresolveworryingpuzzles.Medicinemen,musiciansandhandicraftsmenarenotfeelingshamefultolearnfromeachother’sadvantage.Pedanticscholarswo
8、uldgathertogetherlaughingsomeonewholearnsfromothers.Iaskedthemandtheyresponded,“Supposesomeoneisasknowledgeableasyouandofabo
