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1、程大昌(1122—1195)是新安理學(xué)早期發(fā)展階段的一位重要理學(xué)家,是新安先哲之一,在新安理學(xué)的發(fā)展史上具有重要的地位。程大昌自幼聰慧過人,十歲就能屬文,中紹興二十一年進(jìn)士,后歷任秘書省正字、恭壬府贊讀、江西轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)副使、泉州知府等職。與朱熹、吳儆等人都有交往,彼此Z間常有翰墨往還。他的學(xué)術(shù)思想不僅受到程朱理學(xué)的影響,也和吳儆思想有一定共通之處,同吋也受到老莊思想的影響,使其理學(xué)思想就表現(xiàn)出學(xué)宗程朱、儒道合流、兼取事功的特色。程大昌的經(jīng)世思想表現(xiàn)在諸多方面,如在農(nóng)業(yè)、軍事、吏治等各個(gè)方面都有所研究,而且成就斐然。程大昌雖注重事功,但在學(xué)術(shù)主旨
2、上仍然堅(jiān)持理學(xué)方向,奉程朱為止統(tǒng),在易學(xué)、詩經(jīng)學(xué)、歷史觀、人性論、格物致知等理學(xué)的根本問題上與程朱相一致,總體上仍然屬于程朱派理學(xué)家。程大昌思想涉及各個(gè)領(lǐng)域,內(nèi)容博大精深。如他在地理學(xué)、歷史學(xué)、甚至水利建設(shè)等方面都造詣?lì)H深,而且都有著作留世。由于本篇文章主要研究的是程大昌的理學(xué)思想及與理學(xué)相關(guān)的思想,故在本文只論述其易學(xué)思想、經(jīng)世思想、詩經(jīng)學(xué)思想。關(guān)于程大昌思想研究的意義,本文認(rèn)為有以下兩個(gè)方面:其一、探討程大昌思想對(duì)新安理學(xué)早期發(fā)展的意義;其二、他的經(jīng)世思想對(duì)新安后學(xué)產(chǎn)生的影響。關(guān)鍵詞:程大昌新安理學(xué)易學(xué)經(jīng)世思想AbstractNeoX
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