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1、6pedantry譯文定義“迂腐”并不容易。這定義應該公允而不變。但“迂腐”卻要視情況而變化。當在下院不能引用希臘文,引用就是迂腐時,卻可以引用拉丁文。今天,在下院引用拉丁文,也同引用希臘文一樣是學究氣,但在古典文學習班,兩種文字都可以引用,一點也不讓人感到是迂腐。Newwords譯文檢驗是否是“迂腐”,不僅要看時間和地點是否適合,也要看程度、質量、數(shù)量和種類,是否適合。亞里士多德在說“主題不應處理得超過目的所要求的精度”時,就避免了一種“迂腐”。如果有人想知道每個美國家庭的平均孩子數(shù),把它計算到小數(shù)點后五位,那就是迂腐。當一個講古(
2、趣聞軼事)的人,停下來去搞清是星期二還是星期三時,要是這和理解故事無關,他就是迂腐。Purposeofthewriting:pedantrypredominates;itistheseaaroundus譯文換句話說,理智上的正確與否,就是看是否講了超出主題該講的有意義的話?;蛘咴贀Q句話說,知識未必是沒完沒了,越多越好。當一段陳述的最后意義講完了,再講就是迂腐了?,F(xiàn)在請看看每年那大塊頭的學術論文,用上述是否得當和是否講了費話來衡量一下,就可以清楚地看到,迂腐比比皆是。我們深陷迂腐的大海。Agenus-speciesdefinitioni
3、sgoodforconcretephysicalobjects,notforabstractwordslikepedantry.Mr.Barzundefinespedantrybypointingoutitsspecificexamples.Wecallitdefiningbyexample,orexamplification.Ithelpsmakethemeaningclearer.However,sometimesitmaymisleadthereaderwhenthereaderthinksdifferently.Exercis
4、es7,8,and97:Allthethreeoriginalsentencesareperiodicsentences.Therevisionlosesthesuspension.8:Therevisionlosesthedramaticdevelopmenttothelogicalconclusionandclimax.9:Theoriginalsentencestressestheword“today”,therestaresubordinateclauses.LookupTaint:slighttouchofdecay,dir
5、tAscertain:Tomakecertain,definite,andprecise.Homogenous:formedofpartsofthesamekindconsistentScholarly:concernedwithseriousdetailedstudiesExercises11,12,and1311:Whenadefinitionisneutralandfixed,allpeoplecanacceptthemeaning,anduseitwithoutmisinterpretation.Mr.Barzunsugges
6、tthatthemeaningofpedantrychanges.12:therepetitionoffitnessfocusesmoreattentionandemphasisonthekeyword“fitness.”13:Inotherwordsisanexpositorytransitionintroducingamorepreciseillustrationorcorrection.Ifawriterfailstomakehimselfclear,hemayrepeatthesameideabyrephrasingitins
7、omeotherway7.PLOTNewwordssequence(n.)Anumberofthingsinorasifinline:series,chain,catena,course,ordercausalityn.pl.causalities1.Theprincipleoforrelationshipbetweencauseandeffect.2.Acausalagency,force,orquality.preserve,keepovershadow(v.)Tosurpassinpower,importance,orinflu
8、ence:predominate,dominate,govern,loomlarge,prevailUnderlinethekeywords1Letusdefineaplot.Wehavedefinedastoryasa