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1、腦靜脈竇血栓形成26例臨床研究[摘要]目的:探討腦靜脈竇血栓形成(CVST)的臨床表現(xiàn)、影像學(xué)特征及預(yù)后。方法:回顧性分析26例CVST患者的臨床表現(xiàn)、實(shí)驗(yàn)室資料、影像學(xué)特征、治療經(jīng)過(guò)及預(yù)后。結(jié)果:26例中,早期表現(xiàn)以頭痛為主20例。腦脊液壓力增高者24例,腦脊液蛋白和白細(xì)胞數(shù)正常或輕度升高;典型病例顱腦CT可見(jiàn)到血栓局部條索狀高密度影或伴有出血和水腫。MRI平掃可見(jiàn)病變靜脈竇異常血栓信號(hào)。MRV和DSA可見(jiàn)病變靜脈竇顯影不良或不顯影。經(jīng)降顱壓、抗凝及對(duì)癥治療,部分病例行溶栓治療,18例好轉(zhuǎn)出院
2、(69.2%);痊愈3例(11.54%),DSA顯示靜脈竇完全再通;死亡1例(3.85%);另有4例患者因病情危重,家屬放棄治療自動(dòng)出院,總有效率80.8%o結(jié)論:CVST臨床表現(xiàn)缺乏特異性,確診有賴于影像學(xué)檢查,抗凝溶栓是主要的治療方法。[關(guān)鍵詞]腦靜脈竇血栓形成;臨床表現(xiàn);影像學(xué);抗凝[中圖分類號(hào)]R743.32[文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼]A[文章編號(hào)]1673-7210(2008)06(c)-060-02Clinicalanalysisof26patientswithcerebralvenoussinu
3、sthrombosisCHENYong-qing,LIPeng-long,YANGXiao-yu(DepartmentofLaiyangCentralHospital,Yantai265200,China)[Abstract]Objective:Toexploretheclinicalfeature,imagingfeatureandprognosisofcerebralvenoussinusthrombosis(CVST).Methods:Retrospectiveanalysisonthec
4、linicalfeatures,laboratorydata,neuroimagingchanges,treatmentandprognosisin26CVSTpatients.Results:20outofall26patientswerepresentedheadache?TheintracranialpressureincreasedobviouslyinCVSTpatients,whiletheproteinconcentrationandwhitebloodcellcountinCSF
5、werenormalorincreasedslightly.HighdensityliketrabswasfoundbyCTscanintypicalcaseandsomewithedemaorhemorrhage.Abnormalsignalsofthrombuswerealwaysfoundonmagneticresonanceimaging(MRI)ofbrain.Poorvisualizationornonvisualizationofvenoussinuswerefoundonmagn
6、eticresonancevenography(MRV)anddigitalsubtractionangiography(DSA)?18of26patientsimproved,3of26patientsrecoveredafterthetreatmentwithanticoagulant,decreasingtheintracranialpressure,othersymptomatictreatmentandsomethrombolysis.Thetotaleffectiveratioacc
7、ountedfor80.8%.Conclusion:Cerebralvenoussinusthrombosishasnospecificclinicalfeature.Neuroiniagingexaminationactsasakeyroleonthefinaldiagnosis?Anticoagulationandthrombolysisaresafeandeffectivetherapy.[Keywords]Cerebralvenoussinusthrombosis;Clinicalfea
8、ture;Neuroimaging;Anticoagulation腦靜脈竇血栓形成(cerebralvenoussinusthrombosis,CVST)是缺血性腦血管病的一種少見(jiàn)類型,約占3.5%,但其病死率極高,文獻(xiàn)報(bào)道CVST的病死率達(dá)20%~78%[1]。由于其臨床表現(xiàn)多種多樣,發(fā)病機(jī)制復(fù)雜,缺乏特異性,故臨床診斷較困難,誤診率可達(dá)50%[2],故早期診斷、及時(shí)有效治療對(duì)CVST的預(yù)后有重要影響。為此,本文就近年來(lái)我院收治的26例CVST患者的臨床表現(xiàn),影像學(xué)特征及治療與預(yù)后進(jìn)行總結(jié),并