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1、Japan-Obon(日本-盂蘭盆節(jié))ObonThegeneralintroductionofObon盂蘭盆節(jié)總體介紹ThecustomsofObon盂蘭盆節(jié)風(fēng)俗ThespecialtiesofObon(clothing,activity)盂蘭盆節(jié)特色(服裝、活動(dòng))盂蘭盆節(jié)在日本又稱“魂祭”、“燈籠節(jié)”、“佛教萬靈會(huì)”等,原是祭祖、祈福的日子,現(xiàn)已是家庭團(tuán)圓、合家歡樂的節(jié)日。它原來是佛教的法式。談及盂蘭盆節(jié),很多人的第一反應(yīng)是日本的節(jié)日。實(shí)際上這是很大的誤解。“盂蘭盆節(jié)”早先盛行于中國(guó)和印度,后傳入日本。盂蘭盆節(jié)在飛鳥時(shí)代傳入日
2、本,已成為日本僅次于元旦的盛大節(jié)日。每到盂蘭盆節(jié),日本的交通系統(tǒng)格外繁忙。沿高速公路的汽車行列可長(zhǎng)達(dá)幾十公里,像中國(guó)的“春運(yùn)”期間。人們遠(yuǎn)離喧囂的城市趕回故鄉(xiāng),因此也有“民族大移動(dòng)”之說OboninJapan,alsoknownas"SoulSacrifice","LanternFestival","BuddhismSouls"andother,originallyworship,prayingdayandnowitisfamilyreunion,funholiday.ItoriginalisBuddhistFrench.Tal
3、kingaboutObon,thefirstreactionofmanypeopleisaJapanesefestival.Infact,thisisabigmisunderstanding."Obon"hadpreviouslyprevailedinChinaandIndia,theincomingJapanese.ObonintroducedtoJapanintheAsukaperiod,secondonlytoNewYear'sDayhasbecomeagrandfestivalinJapan.EveryObon,Japa
4、n‘stransportsystemisparticularlybusy.Carranksalongthehighwayuptotensofkilometers,likeChina’s“SpringFestival”.Peopleawayfromthehustleandbustleofthecitybackhome,soitisalsocalledthe“greatnationalmoving”.盂蘭盆節(jié)已經(jīng)成為日本特有的祭奠祖先、祈福的節(jié)日,有其獨(dú)自的特點(diǎn)。日本人過盂蘭盆節(jié)的氣氛靜謐、莊重。對(duì)陰魂來說,這是閻羅王一年一度放假的
5、時(shí)候,也是他們能回家與家人重逢的日子。在當(dāng)年過世且已過七七的陰魂,第一次歸家稱為“初盆”或“新盆”,家人要特別鄭重地迎接,門口或墳?zāi)股隙紤覓旒儼谉艋\,且通常會(huì)在8月12日傍晚至13日上午,在佛龕靈牌前獻(xiàn)上供品,13日傍晚再于玄關(guān)前點(diǎn)上盆燈籠。最后在大門口或玄關(guān)前擱一只沙鍋,沙鍋內(nèi)燃燒麻桿,以迎接自陰間回來的陰魂。日本人稱之為“迎火”。16日再重復(fù)一次,將先人陰魂送回陰間。其為“送火”。ObonhasbecomeJapan‘suniqueancestralshrineandcliffordfestival,hasitsownuni
6、quecharacteristics.InJapan,theatmosphereofObonisquietandsolemn.Forghosts,thisisYamayearlyvacationtime,thattheycangohome,familyreunionday.DiedinthesameyearandpassedFeastoftheghosts,thefirsttimetoreturnhomecalled“thebeginningofpots”or“Newpots”,theywillbespecialsolemnly
7、greetedbythefamily.Thegraveorthedoorarehangingonwhitelanterns,usuallyAugust12edeveningto13thmorning,Infrontofthebuddhistspirittabletofferofferings.Onthe13theveningandthenlitalanterninfrontoftheentrance.Finally,putacasseroleinfrontoftheentranceorgate.PutHempstalkintot
8、hecasseroleandthenIgniteittomeettheghostscomebackfromthegrave.TheJapanesecallit“backfires.”Inthe16thtodoitagain,lettheghostsoftheir