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1、作物學報ACTAAGRONOMICAS／NICA2015，4l(7)：1112—1120http：／／zwxb．chinacrops．org／ISSN0496—3490；CODENTSHPA9E—mail：xbzw@chinajouma1．net．cnDoI：1O．3724／SP．J．1006．2015．01112不同年代玉米品種根系對低氮干旱脅迫的響應分析牛平平穆心愿張星楊春收李潮海1，河南農(nóng)業(yè)大學農(nóng)學院／河南糧食作物協(xié)同創(chuàng)新中心，河南鄭州450002；鄭州市糧豐農(nóng)業(yè)科技有限公司，河南鄭州450002摘要：以1973年
2、以來5個主推玉米品種中單2號、丹玉13、掖單13、農(nóng)大108、鄭單958以及新品種豫單606為材料，在低氮和低氮干旱復合脅迫下，研究了品種更替過程中根系變化特征。結(jié)果表明，隨年代推進，玉米品種根干重、根長及根表面積呈先升后降又升的趨勢，早期品種的3個根系性狀逐漸增加，以獲取更多的水分和養(yǎng)分，現(xiàn)代品種的3個根系性狀逐漸減少，以減少冗余器官的消耗，而新品種有所上升，以滿足產(chǎn)量持續(xù)增長所需水分和養(yǎng)分。在低氮和低氮干旱復合脅迫下，與早期品種相比，現(xiàn)代品種根干重變化小，但根長和根表面積增加多，根系平均直徑變細，傷流量減少不顯著。上
3、述結(jié)果表明，不同年代玉米品種根系逐漸優(yōu)化，現(xiàn)代品種根系形態(tài)調(diào)節(jié)能力增強，對低氮和低氮干旱復合脅迫的耐性提高。關鍵詞：不同年代；玉米；根系；低氮；低氮干旱復合脅迫ResponseofRootsofMaizeVarietiesReleasedinDifferentYearstoLowNi-trogenandDroughtStressesNIUPingPing，MUXin．Yuan，ZHANGXing，YANGChun．Shou，andLIChao—Hai，AgronomyCollege，HenanAgriculturalUn
4、iversity／CollaborativeInnovationCenterofHenanGrainCrops，Zhengzhou450002，China；ZhengzhouLiangfengSeedIndustryCo．Ltd．，Zhengzhou450002，ChinaAbstract：Thechangesinrootcharacteristicswerestudiedunderlownitrogenstress(LN1andcombinedstressoflownitrogenanddrought(LD)using
5、sixmaizevarietiesreleasedfrom1973to2009，includingZhongdan2，Danyu13，Yedan13，Nongda108，Zhengdan958，andanewvarietyYudan606．Theresultshowedthatrootdryweight，rootlengthandrootsurfaceareaoftheva—rietiesincreasedatfirstandthendecreased．finallyincreasedagainintheprocesso
6、ftime．Theincreaseofthethreeparametersinearlierreleasedvarietiescouldgetmorewaterandnutritionfromsoil．thedecreaseoftheseinlaterreleasedvarietieswasavail．a(chǎn)bletoreducetheredundantorgan’Sdrymatterconsumption．a(chǎn)ndtheincreaseagainoftheseinthenewvarietywouldmeetwaterandn
7、utritionrequirementsforyieldincreasecontinuously．Comparedwiththeoldvarieties．rootdrvweightofthemodemvarie．tieschangedsmaller,rootlengthandsurfaceareasincreasedmore，rootaveragediameterbecamethinner,rootbleedingsapde—creasednon—significantlyundertheLNandLDcondition
8、s．Theseresultssuggestedthatrootcharacteristicsofthevarietieshavebeenoptimizedgradually,theadjustmentabilityofrootmorphology,andtheLNandLDstresstoleranceinmodem
