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1、第32卷第9期生態(tài)學報Vo1.32.No.92012年5月ACTAECOLOGICASINICAMay,2012I)OI:10.5846/stxb201104010422華菊玲,劉光榮,黃勁松.連作對芝麻根際土壤微生物群落的影響.生態(tài)學報,2012,32(9):2936.2942.HuaJL,LiuGR,HuangJS-Efectofcontinuouscroppingofses~Tleonrhizosphericmicrobialcommunities.ActaEcologicaSinica,2012,32(9)2
2、936.2942.連作對芝麻根際土壤微生物群落的影響華菊玲一,劉光榮,黃勁松。(1.江西省農(nóng)業(yè)科學院植物保護研究所,南昌330200;2.江西省農(nóng)業(yè)科學院土壤肥料與資源環(huán)境研究所,南昌330200;3.江西省鄱陽縣農(nóng)業(yè)技術(shù)推廣中心,鄱陽333100)摘要:采用稀釋平板計數(shù)法研究了不同連作年限處理芝麻根際土壤細菌、真菌、放線菌、芽孢桿菌、尖孢鐮刀菌(F0)和青枯勞爾氏菌(Rs)數(shù)量的變化情況。結(jié)果表明,隨著連作年限的增加,芝麻根際土壤中細菌和放線菌的數(shù)量下降,而真菌的數(shù)量則呈上升趨勢。新種芝麻地根際土壤芽孢桿菌數(shù)量顯著
3、高于連作2a處理和連作5a處理,而連作2a處理又顯著高于連作5a處理;連作5a芝麻根際土壤尖孢鐮刀菌數(shù)量顯著高于新種地、輪作la和連作2a等3個處理;輪作1a、連作2a及連作5a等3個處理青枯勞爾氏菌數(shù)量顯著高于新種地處理。說明連作導(dǎo)致土壤微生物環(huán)境惡化,引起根際微生物區(qū)系結(jié)構(gòu)發(fā)生定向改變。連作2a與輪作1a相比,各菌群(類群)數(shù)量差異均不顯著。關(guān)鍵詞:芝麻;根際土壤;微生物群落;連作障礙Efectofcontinuouscroppingofsesameonrhizosphericmicrobialcommuniti
4、esHUAJuling一,LIUGuangrong,HUANGJinsonglPlantProtectionInstitute,JiangxiAcademyofAgriculturalScierwes,Nanchang330200,China2SoilandFertilizerandResourcesandEnvironmentInstitute,JiangxiAcademyAgriculturalSciences,Nanchang330200,China3PoyangCenterforAgriculturalTec
5、hnologyExtension,JiangxiProvince,Poyang333100,ChinaAbstract:Chinaisoneoffourmainsesameproducingcountriesintheworld,withapproximately600000hectaresplantedannually.Whensesameisgrowncontinuouslyinthesamefieldoverseveralyears,yieldisreducedduetodecliningsoilhealth.
6、Thisphenomenoniscalledthecontinuouscroppingobstacle.In2010,theareaofcontinuouscroppingofsesamewasover1500hectaresinJiangxiProvincealone.Thelatesthypothesisforthedeclineinsoilhealthfocusesonshiftsinthesoilmicrobialcommunityundercontinuouscropping.Bacteria,fungi,
7、andactinomycetesarethethreemainmicrobialgroupsinthesoil.Theirvariationinabundanceanddiversityreflectthelevelofbiologicalactivityinthesoil.Soilwithabundantbacteriaandactinomycetesismorebiologicallyactive.Whenthefungalabundanceofsoilincreases,thisusuallymeansadec
8、reaseinsoilfertility.Bacillusbacteriahavevitalfunctionsinsoilimprovementandpestcontro1.SesamewiltcausedbyFusariumoxysporum(FO),andsesamebacterialwiltcausedbyRalstoniasolanac