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《Theories on Aging 人類學(xué)老齡化理論.ppt》由會員上傳分享，免費在線閱讀，更多相關(guān)內(nèi)容在教育資源-天天文庫。
1、TheoriesonAgingDr.JessicaGishDepartmentofHealth,Aging&SocietyMcMasterUniversityWhatisSocialTheoryDescribeshowsocietyoperatesandwhatsocietyismadeofOffersexplanationsabouttherelationshipbetweenindividualpeopleandsocialstuffSocialTheoryasaWorldviewLevelsofTheor
2、yTheoreticalPerspectiveInterpretiveFunctionalistConflictInterpretive:KeyAssumptionsSociety=interactionsbetweenindividualsandgroupsPeopleordertheworldCalledthesocialconstructionofrealityPeopleassignmeaningtothingsorsymbolsPeoplehaveagencyPeoplearecreativeacto
3、rswiththeabilitytointerpretorconstructmeaningInterpretive:AnalyticfocusHowpeopleacttowardanotherandmakesenseoftheirinteractionsinthesocialworldThemeaningsorvaluespeopleassigntotheirsocialworldsExample…Howsocialcontextshapesmeanings,interpretations,andactions
4、Example…Interpretive:Strengths&WeaknessesStrengthsFocusontheindividualConsiderationofagencyAttentiontosocialcontextAnalysisofthedifferentmeaningsassignedtoagingandagingexperiencesWeaknessesLittlefocusonsocialstructure,power,andconflictFunctionalist:KeyAssump
5、tionsSocialsystemstheoryInstitutionsworkinterdependentlySocietyislikeanorganismInstitutionshavefunctionsPeoplefulfillrolesandobligationsbecauseofsharednormsandvaluesDisengagementTheoryFromCumming&Henry(1961)Mutualwithdrawalofindividualandsocietytorestorebala
6、ncetothesystemDisengagementisanevolutionaryuniversalandbeneficialforindividualsandsocietyTotaldisengagement=deathDisengagementTheory:WeaknessesNotbeensupportedempiricallyJustifiespoliciesofmandatoryretirementIgnoresthatdifferenttypesofdisengagementexistandth
7、atdisengagementhasdifferentmeaningsforindividualsActivityTheoryEngagementinactivityfacilitatesadjustmenttoagingAssumesthatanyactivitywilldoActivityTheory:WeaknessesItisnotclearwhatconstitutes“activity”Ignoresthatpeople’sactivitiesandinterestschangeovertimeDo
8、esnotconsiderthedifferentmeaningsthatpeopleattributetoactivityIgnoressocioeconomicstatus(toomicro)ContinuityTheoryAdjustmenttoaginginvolvesmaintainingaconsistentsenseofselfwiththepastandcontinui
