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1、第期房立清，等：單晶壓電懸臂梁等效粘性阻尼建模與實(shí)驗(yàn)分析7文章編號(hào)單晶壓電懸臂梁等效粘性阻尼建模與實(shí)驗(yàn)分析房立清，張磊，郭德卿，馬子龍，陳永超（軍械工程學(xué)院火炮工程系，河北石家莊050003）摘要：為了完善壓電懸臂梁非耦合集總參數(shù)模型，進(jìn)而為壓電振子的優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)提供更為可靠的理論依據(jù)，對(duì)單晶壓電振子等效粘性阻尼系數(shù)進(jìn)行了理論建模研究。首先，根據(jù)機(jī)械振動(dòng)理論以及阻尼理論，從能量的角度出發(fā)建立了單晶壓電振子等效阻尼系數(shù)的理論模型。接著，針對(duì)基板材料性能，結(jié)構(gòu)尺寸以及截面形狀等不同因素對(duì)等效機(jī)械阻尼及電阻尼的影響規(guī)律進(jìn)行了分析。最后，制備了三組不同形狀尺寸的壓電振子樣品
2、，并進(jìn)行了沖擊振動(dòng)試驗(yàn)，驗(yàn)證了理論分析結(jié)果。研究表明，壓電材料層對(duì)整體阻尼的影響主要取決于基板與壓電材料的彈性模量比；壓電材料每個(gè)振動(dòng)周期的電能損耗與懸臂梁長度的三次方成正比，與寬度成反比；而決定振幅放大因子的阻尼比并非隨結(jié)構(gòu)尺寸單調(diào)變化。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果與理論模型誤差在2.5%到14.7%之間，證明了理論模型的可靠性。分析表明，在可承受極限載荷相同的情況下，靜態(tài)特性最優(yōu)的變曲面懸臂梁，動(dòng)態(tài)特性并非最佳。對(duì)于壓電振子的優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)具有一定現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。關(guān)鍵詞：等效粘性阻尼；單晶壓電懸臂梁；建模；實(shí)驗(yàn)中圖分類號(hào)：TJ35；TK89；TB34文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼：AModelingandex
3、perimentalanalysisofpiezoelectricunimorphcantileverequivalentviscousdampingFANGLi-Qing,ZHANGLei（Dept.ofArtilleryEngineering,OrdnanceEngineeringCollege,Shijiazhuang050003,China）Abstract:Inordertoperfectthesimulationmodelofpiezoelectricunimorphcantilever,thustoprovidemorereliabletheore
4、ticalbasisfortheoptimaldesignofpiezoelectricvibrator,thevibratorequivalentviscousdampingcoefficientwereanalysed.Firstofall,theanalysismodelofvibratorequivalentviscousdampingcoefficientwereestablishedestablishedfromtheperspectiveofenergyaccordingtothetheoryofmechanicalvibrationanddamp
5、ingtheory.Then,theinfluencesofthematerialproperties,structuraldimensionsaswellasthecross-sectionshapeonthemachineryandelectricitydampingcoefficientareanalyzed.Finally,preparedthreegroupspiezoelectricvibratorsampleswithdifferentshape,size,andtheimpactvibrationtestwereproceededtoverify
6、thetheoreticalanalysis.Theresultsshowthattheimpactofpiezoelectricmateriallayerontheoveralldampingdependsontheelasticmodulusratioofthesubstrateandthepiezoelectricmaterial;ineachvibrationcycle,thepiezoelectricmaterialpowerlossisproportionaltothecubeofthecantileverlength,andinverselypro
7、portionaltothewidth;thedampingratiowhichisconclusivetoamplitudeamplificationfactorisnotvarieswiththestructuresizemonotonically.Therewasdifferenceof2.5%and14.7%betweentheexperimentalresultsandtheoreticalmodelwhichprovedthereliabilityofthetheoreticalmodel.Whiletheextremeloadissamewhich
8、couldwithsta
