資源描述:
《圖像增強技術(shù).doc》由會員上傳分享,免費在線閱讀,更多相關(guān)內(nèi)容在教育資源-天天文庫。
1、摘要圖像增強是指依據(jù)圖像所存在的問題,按特定的需要突出一幅圖像中的某些信息,同時,削弱或去除某些冗余信息的處理方法。其主要目的是使得處理后的圖像對給定的應(yīng)用比原來的圖像更加有效同時可以有效的改善圖像質(zhì)量。圖像增強技術(shù)主要包含直方圖修改處理、圖像平滑化處理、圖像尖銳化處理和彩色處理技術(shù)等。圖像增強單純從技術(shù)上可分成兩大類:一類是頻域處理法;一類是空域處理法??臻g域的算法分為點運算算法和鄰域去噪算法。點運算算法即灰度級校正、灰度變換和直方圖修正等,目的或使圖像成像均勻,或擴大圖像動態(tài)范圍,擴展對比度。鄰域增強算法分為圖像平滑和銳化兩種。平滑一般用于消除圖像噪聲
2、,但是也容易引起邊緣的模糊。銳化的目的在于突出物體的邊緣輪廓,便于目標(biāo)識別。本文先對圖像增強的原理進行概述,然后對圖像增強的方法分類并給出直方圖增強、對比度增強,平滑和銳化等幾種常用的增強方法、彩色圖像增強的理論基礎(chǔ),通過MATLAB實驗得出的實際處理效果來對比各種算法的優(yōu)缺點,討論不同的增強算法的技術(shù)要點,并對其圖像增強方法進行性能評價。關(guān)鍵詞:圖像增強;直方圖;平滑;銳化AbstractImageenhancementisbasedontheproblemsexistingintheimages,accordingtothespecificneedto
3、highlightsomeoftheinformationinanimage,atthesametime,toweakenorremovesomeredundantinformationprocessingmethod.Itsmainpurposeistomaketheimageafterprocessingforagivenapplicationismoreeffectivethantheoriginalimageatthesametimecaneffectivelyimprovetheimagequality.Imageenhancementtechn
4、ologymainlyincludeshistogrammodification,imagesmoothingprocessing,imageintensificationprocessingandcolorprocessingtechnology,etc.Imageenhancementispurefromthetechnologycanbedividedintotwocategories:oneisfrequencydomainprocessingmethod;Onekindisspatialprocessingmethod.Spatialdomain
5、algorithmisdividedintotheneighborhooddenoisingarithmeticalgorithmandalgorithm.Algorithmnamelygrayscalecorrectionarithmetic,suchasgraytransformandhistogrammodification,purposeorforuniformimageimaging,orexpandthedynamicrangeimage,expandthecontrast.Neighborhoodenhancementalgorithmint
6、oimagesmoothingandsharpeningtwokinds.Smoothgenerallyusedtoeliminateimagenoise,butalsoeasytocausetheedgeofthefuzzy.Sharpenthepurposeistohighlighttheedgecontouroftheobject,isadvantageousforthetargetidentification.Thispaperfirstsummarizedtheprincipleofimageenhancement,andimageenhance
7、mentmethodofclassificationandhistogramenhancement,contrastenhancement,suchassmoothingandsharpeningofseveralcommonenhancementmethod,thetheoreticalbasisofcolorimageenhancement,throughpracticalprocessingeffectofMATLABexperimentcomparedtheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofvariousalgorithms,
8、discussedthemaintechnicalpointsof