老外笑我聽不懂，我笑老外笑點低

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老外笑我聽不懂，我笑老外笑點低[摘要]身處異國他鄉(xiāng)，最大的悲哀莫過于歪果仁笑得人仰馬翻，你卻不知所云。想跟歪果仁打成一片，光是語言能力過硬是遠遠不夠的。不過也不必妄自菲薄，能不能get笑話更多是文化背景和幽默感知的問題。??????Studentsstrugglewithjokes?????Itisbeyondawkwardwheneveryonearoundyouburstsoutlaughingatajokethatyoudonotfindfunny,especiallyifit’sajoketoldinaforeignlanguage.?????世間最尷尬的事莫過于周圍的人都被段子（笑話）逗得哄堂大笑，只有你還沒發(fā)現(xiàn)笑點。如果這段子是用外語講的，那么尷尬值增加一萬點。?????WhileChinesestudentsfinditeasytoadapttoaforeignlifestyle,socializingwithlocalsismuchharder,accordingtoarecentstudy.ResearcherslookedathowwellChinesestudentsintegratedintocommunitiesacrosstheworld.Ofalltheactivitiestheystruggledwith,understandingjokeswasconsideredthetoughest.?????最近一項研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，中國學生很容易適應國外的生活方式，但和老外打交道就沒那么簡單了。研究者對中國留學生如何融入世界各地群體進行了分析。在留學生面對的所有問題中，理解笑話被認為是最難的。?????Mostofthetime,jokesarefunnyonlyforpeoplewhoshareacommonculturalbackgroundorperceivehumorinthesameway.?????多數(shù)情況下，笑話只有在文化背景相同或幽默感知方式相近的人中間才有笑果。?????Chinese-AmericancomedianJoeWongfoundthisoutfirst-hand.Hehadachievedhugesuccessdoingstand-upcomedyintheUS,butwhenhereturnedtoChinain2008forhisfirstlivegiginBeijing,hediscoveredthathumordoesn’ttranslate.Peopledidn’tthinkhisChinesejokeswereasfunnyashisEnglishones,theGlobalTimesreported.?????美籍華裔脫口秀主持人黃西對此感同身受。他在美國脫口秀節(jié)目中一炮而紅，不過2008年，當他回到中國在北京開第一場現(xiàn)場脫口秀時，他發(fā)現(xiàn)幽默是無法被翻譯的?！董h(huán)球時報》報道說，大家覺得他的英語段子比中文的有趣。?????Beingabletounderstandlocaljokescanhelpstudentsfeelasenseofbelonging.Butevenwithouttheabilitytounderstandjokes,studentsshouldnotfeelanylessconfidentaboutthemselves.?????理解當?shù)厝说男υ捘茏屃魧W生更有歸屬感。不過就算聽不懂老外的笑話，也不必喪失自信。?????“It’sOKifyoudon’tgetthejokes.Don’tdoubtyourself[because]alotofthetimes,itisnotaproblemoflanguageability;it’samatteroftheknownandunknown,”saidChristineHan,whowasonceanoverseasstudentandisnowanAustralianpermanentresident.?????曾在澳洲留學、現(xiàn)在是澳大利亞永久居民的克莉絲汀?韓說：“理解不了笑話也沒關系。不必自我懷疑，（因為）這不是語言能力的問題；這是知道就知道，不知道就不知道的事兒?！??????Australianhumor?????澳式幽默?????ThefactthatAustraliaiscalled“DownUnder”isfunnybyitself.Australiaisready-madeforjokes,thankstoitshistoryasacolonyforconvicts,itspeculiaraccent,theOutbackanditsstrangecuisine.However,tomostChineseoverseasstudents,understandingjokesaboutsportsisthebiggestheadache.?????事實上，澳大利亞的別稱“在南方的下面”（英語里北為up，南為down，澳大利亞在舊大陸的南邊）本身就很有趣。它曾是流放犯人的殖民地，它的古怪口音，它的內(nèi)陸和奇葩菜肴，都讓澳大利亞的笑話俯拾皆是。不過對大多數(shù)中國留學生來說，最頭疼的還是理解和體育有關的笑話。?????“ThehardestjokesarerelatedtorugbybecauseIknownothingaboutrugby,”saidMelodyCao,whowasonceastudentinAustralia.“WhenIheardjokesIdidn’tget,Ijustlaughedalong.”?????“最難懂的笑話是和橄欖球有關的，因為我對橄欖球一無所知，”曾在澳洲留學的梅洛迪?曹說?！爱斘衣牪欢υ挄r，我就跟著大家一起笑?！?????SportisanimportantpartofAustraliannationalidentity.AccordingtotheAustralianBureauofStatistics,16percent(2.8million)ofthepopulationaged15yearsandoverwatchedAustralianfootballin2010.About9percent(1.6million)attendedarugbyleaguegame.?????體育是澳大利亞民族認同的重要部分。據(jù)澳大利亞統(tǒng)計局數(shù)據(jù)，全國15歲及以上人口中有16%（約280萬）觀看了2010年的澳式足球賽，9%（約160萬）參加過橄欖球聯(lián)賽。?????Therugbyjokesareusuallyabouthowimmatureanddumbrugbyplayersare,likeinthesetwodialogues:?????橄欖球的段子常常拿那些水平欠佳，不太靈光的球員開涮，比如下面兩段對話：?????A:“Whydon’trugbyplayershavemid-lifecrises?”?????A：“為什么橄欖球運動員沒有中年危機？”?????B:“Theystaystuckinadolescence.”?????B：“因為他們被困在了青春期。”?????A:“Whydorugbyplayerslikesmartwomen?”?????A：“為什么橄欖球運動員喜歡精明的女人？”?????B:“Oppositesattract.”?????B：“因為異性相吸?！?????BritishhumorvsAmericanhumor?????英式幽默vs美式幽默?????BritishactorandcomedianSimonPeggdiscussedthedifferencesbetweenBritishandAmericansenseofhumorinacolumnforTheGuardian.HebelievesthatwhileBritsuseironyonadailybasis,theAmericansdonotseethepointofusingitsofrequently.Hewrote:“Britishjokes,ontheotherhand,tendtobemoresubtlewithadarkorsarcasticundertone...the[American]jokesaremoreobviousandforward,abitlikeAmericansthemselves.” ?????英國喜劇演員西蒙?佩吉曾在《衛(wèi)報》專欄探討過英式和美式幽默的區(qū)別。他認為英國人每天都會用反諷的幽默，而美國人用的卻不是很多。他寫道：“換句話說，英式笑話更隱晦，伴有黑色和諷刺的潛臺詞……而美式笑話更明顯、直白，和美國人的個性很像。”?????PeggillustratedhispointbytranscribingajokeheheardaBritishfriendmake,inthewakeoffamilytragedy.?????佩吉轉述了他從英國朋友那聽到的一個笑話，調(diào)侃的是一出家庭悲劇。?????A:“Ihadtogotomygranddad’sfunerallastweek.”?????A：“上周我去參加了我爺爺?shù)脑岫Y?！?????B:“Sorrytohearthat.”?????B：“節(jié)哀順變?！?????A:“Don’tbe.Itwasthefirsttimeheeverpaidforthedrinks.”?????A：“別這么說。這可是他第一次掏錢買喝的?！?????InherbookWatchingtheEnglish–theHiddenRulesofEnglishBehavior,KateFox,aBritishsocialanthropologist,describeshercountry’shumorrules.Shearguesthatirony,understatementandself-depreciationareingrainedintheEnglishmindset.“Humorisour‘defaultmode’...Wedonothavetoswitchitondeliberately,andwecannotswitchitoff,”wroteFox.?????社會人類學家凱特??？怂乖谒臅队说难孕袧撘?guī)則》中描述了英國的幽默方式。她認為，諷刺、輕描淡寫和自黑是英國人骨子里根深蒂固的東西。她寫道：“幽默是我們的‘默認模式’……我們不必刻意啟動它，當然也不能關掉它?！?????“AmericanhumorismorestraightforwardlikethepunchlinesinthefamousTVshowFriends,”anInternetusernamed“Zac”wroteonZhihu.“YouburstoutlaughingimmediatelywhenyouwatchAmericanhumor,andthenyouforgetaboutitquitequickly,butittakestimetodigestEnglishhumor,anditmaybefunnierwhenyoureminisceaboutit.”?????知乎網(wǎng)友Zac說：“美式幽默一般直白、淺顯，如《老友記》的笑料。”“美式笑料屬于當場大笑，笑過就忘，而英式幽默屬于細嚼慢咽型，回味或許比看的當下更覺得好笑?！?/p>