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1、EngineeringThermoplastics_Nylons(PA),Acetals(POM),Polyesters(PBTandPET),PC,Acrylics(PMMA),PTFE,PPO,PPS,PEEKProfessorJoeGreeneCSU,CHICO1PolyamideHistoryPAisconsideredthefirstengineeringthermoplasticPAisoneofmanyheterochainthermoplastics,whichhasatomsotherthanCinthechain.PAinventedin1928byWallaceC
2、arothers,DuPont,insearchofa“superpolyester”fiberwithmolecularweightsgreaterthan10,000.Firstcommercialnylonin1938.PAwascreatedwhenacondensationreactionoccurredbetweenaminoacids,dibasicacids,anddiamines.NylonsaredescribedbyanumberingsystemwhichindicatesthenumberofcarbonatomsinthemonomerchainsAmino
3、acidpolymersaredesignatedbyasinglenumber,asnylon6Diaminesanddibasicacidsaredesignatedwith2numbers,thefirstrepresentingthediamineandthesecondindicatingtheadipicacid,asinnylon6,6ornylon6,10withsebacicacid.2Chemistry&ChemicalStructurelinearpolyamidesThermoplasticnylonshaveamide(CONH)repeatinglinkNy
4、lon6,6-poly-hexamethylene-diamine(linear)NH2(CH2)6NH2+COOH(CH2)4COOHhexamethylenediamine+AdipicAcidn[NH2(CH2)6NH.CO(CH2)4COOH]+(heat)nylonsalt[NH2(CH2)6NH.CO(CH2)4CO]n+nH2ONylon6,6polymerchainNylon6-polycaprolactam(linear)[NH(CH2)5CO]n3Chemistry&ChemicalStructurelinearpolyamidesNylon6,10-polyhex
5、amethylenesebacamide(linear)[NH2(CH2)6NH.CO(CH2)8CO]nNylon11-Poly(11-amino-undecanoic-amide(linear)[NH(CH2)10CO]nNylon12-Poly(11-amino-undecanoic-amide(linear)[NH(CH2)11CO]nOtherNylonsNylon8,9,46,andcopolymersfromotherdiaminesandacids4Chemistry&ChemicalStructureAromaticpolyamides(aramids)PMPI-po
6、lym-phenyleneisophthalamide(LCPfiber)[-NHCO-NHCO]nPPPT-polyp-phenyleneterephthalamide(LCPfiber)[-NHCO-NHCO]nNomaxPMPI-firstcommercialaramidfiberforelectricalinsulation.LCPfibersfeaturestraightchaincrystalsKevlar29PPPT-textilefiberfortirecord,ropes,cablesetc.Kevlar49PPPT-reinforcingfiberforthermo
7、settingresins5Chemistry&ChemicalStructureTransparentpolyamidesPA-(6,3,T)[CH2C3H6C2H4-NHCO-NHCO]nPA-(6,T)[(CH2)6NHCO-NHCO]nTransparentpolyamidesarecommerciallyavailableReducedcrystallizationduetointroductionofsidegroups6Appli
