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1、中藥土貝母現(xiàn)代探究進(jìn)展作者：朱海鷗朱曉薇侯文彬張新鑫【摘要】目的介紹土貝母研究的最新進(jìn)展，預(yù)測(cè)其應(yīng)用前景與新的研發(fā)方向。方法該文查閱了大量關(guān)于土貝母研究的中外文獻(xiàn)資料，從化學(xué)成分、藥理活性、制劑開發(fā)等方對(duì)其進(jìn)行比較全面地綜述。結(jié)果與結(jié)論土貝母含有多種化學(xué)成分，具有多種顯著的藥理作用，配合現(xiàn)代提取、制劑工藝,可開發(fā)為抗癌、抗病毒以及治療白血病和艾滋病等多種新藥。【關(guān)鍵詞】土貝母；化學(xué)成分；藥理活性；制劑開發(fā);臨床應(yīng)用Abstract：Objectiveinthisreview,newprogressofBolbostemmapaniculatumwasintroduced.Its
2、applicationperspectivesandnewresearchdirectionswereforecastedaswelLMethodsReferringtoalargenumberofdomesticandforeignliteratures,thechemicalcompositions,pharmacologicalactivitiesanddevelopmentofpreparationsofBolbostemmapaniculatumwerereviewed.ResultsandConclusionsManychemicalcompositionswere
3、reportedtoisolatefromBolbostemmapaniculatum,andcorrespondingly,manysignificantpharmacologicalactivitieshavebeendetected.Companiedwithmodernextractionandpreparationtechnologies,Bolbostemmapaniculatumcanbedevelopedintosomenewdrugsfortreatingcancer,virus,leukemiaandAIDS?Keywords:Bolbostemmapani
4、culatum；Chemicalcompositions；Pharmacologicalactivities；Developmentofpreparations；Clinicalapplications土貝母BolbostemmapaniculatunKMaxim?)Franquet,別名假貝母、地苦膽、草貝等，為葫蘆科土貝母屬植物，以鱗莖入藥。性味苦，微寒，歸肺、脾經(jīng)，有散結(jié)、消腫、解毒之功能。主要分布于河北、河南、山西、山東、甘肅等省。1化學(xué)成分1.1皂昔類［1?7］皂昔類為土貝母的主要活性成分,含量較大?，F(xiàn)已發(fā)現(xiàn)的皂昔共16種：土貝母皂昔甲(1)；土貝母皂昔乙(2)；土貝
5、母皂昔丙(3)；土貝母皂昔丁(4)；土貝母皂昔戊(5)；土貝母皂昔VI(6)；雙糖鏈皂:3-0-a-L-毗喃阿拉伯糖(1-2)-B-D-毗喃葡萄糖-貝萼皂昔元2-8-0-3-D-毗喃木糖(1-3)-a-L-毗喃鼠李糖(1-2)—a—L—毗喃阿拉伯糖酯昔(7)；7B,18,20,26-四輕基-(20S)-達(dá)瑪-24E-烯-3-0-a-L-(3-乙酰基)毗喃阿拉伯糖基-(1-2)-B-D-毗喃葡萄糖昔(8)；70,18,20,26-四龕基-(20S)-達(dá)瑪-24E-烯-3-0-a-L-(4-乙?；?毗喃阿拉伯糖基-(1-2)-B-D-毗喃葡萄糖昔(9)；7B,18,20,26-四羥
6、基-(20S)-達(dá)瑪-24E-烯-3-0-a-L-毗喃阿拉伯糖基-(1-2)-B-D-(6-乙?；?毗喃葡萄糖昔(10)；7B,20,26-三務(wù)基-(20S)-達(dá)瑪-24E-烯-3-0-a-L-毗喃阿拉伯糖基-(1-2)-B-D-毗喃葡萄糖昔(11)；73,20,26-三務(wù)基-(20S)-達(dá)瑪-24E-烯-3-0-a-L-(3-乙酰基)毗喃阿拉伯糖基-(1-2)-B-D-毗喃葡萄糖昔(12)；7B,20,26-三釋基-(20S)-達(dá)瑪-24E-烯-3-0-a-L-(4-乙?；?毗喃阿拉伯糖基-(1-2)-B-D-毗喃葡萄糖昔(13)；7B,20,26-三軽基-(20S)-達(dá)瑪-
7、24E-烯-3-0-a-L-(3-乙酰基)毗喃阿拉伯糖基-(1-2)-B-D-毗喃葡萄糖昔(14)；7B,20,26-三餐基-(20S)-達(dá)瑪-24E-烯-3-0-a-L-(4-乙酰基)毗喃阿拉伯糖基-(l-2)-B-D-毗喃葡萄糖昔(15)；6,-0-棕桐?；霖惸冈砦艏?16)。1.2笛醇及其昔類和酯類［1,5,7,8］笛醇類物質(zhì)是土貝母的另一主要活性成分，現(xiàn)已發(fā)現(xiàn)的該類物質(zhì)有A7,22,25-豆笛三烯-3-醇；A7,16,25(26一豆笛三烯醇；A7,22,25-豆笛三烯醇-3-0-十
