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1、中文摘要中國(guó)鐵路始建于1876年，鐵路運(yùn)輸線是我國(guó)國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)的大動(dòng)脈，在我國(guó)交通運(yùn)輸體系中居于主導(dǎo)的骨干地位，它在國(guó)家的建設(shè)中占有重要地位。隨著我國(guó)改革開放的深入，我國(guó)在修新線鐵路時(shí)采用了國(guó)內(nèi)外先進(jìn)科技成果，與此同時(shí)，對(duì)既有鐵路進(jìn)行補(bǔ)強(qiáng)和改造，并加強(qiáng)了對(duì)線路的養(yǎng)護(hù)和維修。較大的改善了鐵路的運(yùn)營(yíng)狀況，提高了鐵路抵抗自然災(zāi)害的能力，豐富了預(yù)防和整治鐵路線路病害的理論與實(shí)踐，對(duì)發(fā)展國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)，促進(jìn)工農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)，改善人民生活，改變邊遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)交通閉塞和文化技術(shù)落后面貌，鞏固國(guó)防，溝通國(guó)際交往，起到了國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)大動(dòng)脈的重要作用既有線路路基由于受修建時(shí)技術(shù)和經(jīng)濟(jì)條件的限制，填筑壓實(shí)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)往往較低。隨著客貨運(yùn)量和機(jī)車車
2、輛軸重的增加，出現(xiàn)翻漿冒泥、下沉和外擠等各種病害。上述路基病害嚴(yán)重影響線路的穩(wěn)定性，增加養(yǎng)護(hù)維修工作量，縮短軌道上部結(jié)構(gòu)的使用壽命，是影響鐵路運(yùn)輸安全和運(yùn)輸能力提高的主要原因。在既有線提速和載重增加的情況下，路基荷載條件發(fā)生變化，線路維修中除對(duì)路基病害進(jìn)行整治外，對(duì)部分路基還需要采取加固措施，提高承載能力，但是由于既有線運(yùn)力和運(yùn)能十分緊張，路基處理從技術(shù)到管理都存在一些困難，既有線的路基病害是當(dāng)前急需解決的重大課題。關(guān)鍵詞基床病害坡面病害岸邊沖刷病害泥石流病害路基病害AbstractChinaRailwaywasbuiltin1876,therailwaylineisourcountryth
3、emainarteryofnationaleconomy,inourtransportsystemofthedominantpositioninnationalbackbone,itplaysanimportantroleinbuilding.WiththedeepeningofreforminChina,Chinaintherepairedrailwayadoptedtheresultsofdomesticandforeignadvancedtechnology,atthesametime,theexistingrailwayreinforcementandtransformation,a
4、ndstrengthenthelinemaintenanceandrepair.Improvedrailroadoperationcondition,raisedrailroadtoresistnaturaldisasterability,enrichthepreventionandtreatmentofdiseasesoftherailwaylineoftheoryandpractice,tothedevelopmentofthenationaleconomy,promoteindustrialandagriculturalproduction,theimprovementofpeople
5、'sliving,changingremotetrafficisout-of-the-wayandbackwardculturetechnology,consolidatenationaldefence.Existing?lines,?due?at?technology?built?roadbed?and?economic?condition?restriction,?compaction?standards?often?is?low.?Along?with?the?increases??of?passenger?traffics??and?the?locomotive?axle?load,
6、?abundant?appear?at?the?clay,?and?sink?and?a?squeeze?of?the?disease.??shorten?the?orbit?of?the?upper?structure,?the?service?life?of?railway?transportation?safety?and?transportation?influence?is?the?main?reason?for?the?ability?to?increase.?In?the?existing?railway-speed-increasing?and?capability,?by?
7、increasing?of?the?subgrade?load?conditions?change,?in?addition?to?the?line?maintenance?of?roadbed?disease?outside?regulation,?to?some?of?the?roadbed?reinforcement?measures?would?need?to?take,?improve?the?be
