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1、中文摘要中國鐵路始建于1876年,鐵路運輸線是我國國民經(jīng)濟的大動脈,在我國交通運輸體系中居于主導(dǎo)的骨干地位,它在國家的建設(shè)中占有重要地位。隨著我國改革開放的深入,我國在修新線鐵路時采用了國內(nèi)外先進(jìn)科技成果,與此同時,對既有鐵路進(jìn)行補強和改造,并加強了對線路的養(yǎng)護(hù)和維修。較大的改善了鐵路的運營狀況,提高了鐵路抵抗自然災(zāi)害的能力,豐富了預(yù)防和整治鐵路線路病害的理論與實踐,對發(fā)展國民經(jīng)濟,促進(jìn)工農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn),改善人民生活,改變邊遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)交通閉塞和文化技術(shù)落后面貌,鞏固國防,溝通國際交往,起到了國民經(jīng)濟大動脈的重要作用既有線路路基由于受修建時技術(shù)和經(jīng)濟條件的限制,填筑壓實標(biāo)準(zhǔn)往往較低。隨著客貨運量和機車車
2、輛軸重的增加,出現(xiàn)翻漿冒泥、下沉和外擠等各種病害。上述路基病害嚴(yán)重影響線路的穩(wěn)定性,增加養(yǎng)護(hù)維修工作量,縮短軌道上部結(jié)構(gòu)的使用壽命,是影響鐵路運輸安全和運輸能力提高的主要原因。在既有線提速和載重增加的情況下,路基荷載條件發(fā)生變化,線路維修中除對路基病害進(jìn)行整治外,對部分路基還需要采取加固措施,提高承載能力,但是由于既有線運力和運能十分緊張,路基處理從技術(shù)到管理都存在一些困難,既有線的路基病害是當(dāng)前急需解決的重大課題。關(guān)鍵詞基床病害坡面病害岸邊沖刷病害泥石流病害路基病害AbstractChinaRailwaywasbuiltin1876,therailwaylineisourcountryth
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