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1、小兒川崎病并發(fā)冠狀動(dòng)脈病變高危因素探討【摘要】目的:探討川崎病并發(fā)冠狀動(dòng)脈病變的相關(guān)因素。方法:對(duì)86例確診為川崎病患兒的臨床表現(xiàn)、超聲心動(dòng)圖、急性期C―反應(yīng)蛋白、膽固醇、血沉、血小板、血紅蛋白、白細(xì)胞等資料進(jìn)行計(jì)量資料t檢驗(yàn)和計(jì)數(shù)資料χ2檢驗(yàn)。結(jié)果:86例川崎病并發(fā)冠狀動(dòng)脈病變26例(30%)。相關(guān)因素分析顯示:發(fā)病年齡、發(fā)熱天數(shù)、血小板、C―反應(yīng)蛋白、膽固醇與冠狀動(dòng)脈病變發(fā)生率有密切關(guān)系。用靜脈丙種球蛋白(IVIG)治療的冠狀動(dòng)脈病變發(fā)生率236%,僅用阿司匹林治療的冠狀動(dòng)脈病變發(fā)生率571%,7d內(nèi)使用IVIG治療的冠狀動(dòng)脈病變發(fā)生率64
2、%(P<001)。結(jié)論:對(duì)川崎病進(jìn)行綜合分析,可對(duì)該病作出及時(shí)的預(yù)后判斷,予早期干預(yù),促進(jìn)冠狀動(dòng)脈病變的恢復(fù);早期足量使用IVIG可減少KD并發(fā)冠狀動(dòng)脈病變的發(fā)生?!娟P(guān)鍵詞】川崎病;冠狀動(dòng)脈病變;危險(xiǎn)因素【ABSTRACT】Objective:ToinvestigatetherelativerishfactorsforKawasakidiseasewithcomplicationofcoronaryarterydisease.Methods:Restrospectivelystudied86childrenwhosufferedfromtheK
3、awasakidiseas.Afterinvestigatingtheclinicalbehavior,ultrasoniccardiogramsandbloodtestresultsofacuteprase(IncludingtheCholesterol、ESR、CRP、Platelet、Hemoglobin、Leucocyte),weanalyzedthecasebyttestand9chiSquaretestanalysis.Theincidencerateofcoronaryarteryinjurywas333%incaseswhore
4、ceivedIVIGtherapy,while642%incaseswhoonlyreceivedaspirintherapy;butincidencerateofcoronaryarteryinjurywas96%incaseswhoreceivedIVIGtherapywithin7days(P<001).Results:Among86cases,thenumberofpatientswhogotthecomplicationofcoronaryarterydiseasewas26(30%).Afteranalyzingtherisk
5、factorswefindthatfeverduration、platelet、CRP、CholesterolhadCloserelationshipwiththediseaseofcoronaryartery(P<001).Conclusion:Withhelpofmedicalanalysisonthediseaseandcombiningthepositivephysicalandlaboratoryfindings,wecantimelyprediagnosethediseaseandgiveappropriatetreatmen
6、tinadvancetopreventcoronaryarterydiseaseandhelptherecoveryofpathologicalchangesforcoronaryartery;fulldoseIVIGtherapyinearlystagecanreducetheincidenceofcoronaryarteryinjure.【KEYWORDS】Kawasakidisease;Coronaryartery;Riskfactor川崎?。╧awasakidisease,9KD)又名皮膚粘膜淋巴結(jié)綜合征,是一種原因不明確的兒童常見的自
7、身免疫性血管炎綜合征[1]。主要病理改變?yōu)槿矸翘禺愋匝苎?,累及中小血管特別是冠狀動(dòng)脈,可形成冠狀動(dòng)脈瘤,引起血栓性梗塞、狹窄,導(dǎo)致心肌梗塞、猝死[2]?,F(xiàn)對(duì)我院19961~20058月住院的86例KD患兒進(jìn)行回顧性分析,旨在了解川崎病并發(fā)冠狀動(dòng)脈病變的危險(xiǎn)因素,以便采取更好的措施,預(yù)防及減輕冠狀動(dòng)脈病變的發(fā)生,促進(jìn)冠狀動(dòng)脈病變的恢復(fù)。1資料和方法1.1一般資料根據(jù)第三屆國(guó)際川崎病會(huì)議修訂的診斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)(1988年12月修訂),我院兒科從19961~20058月收治KD患兒86例,男54例,女32例,男:女比例168∶1。年齡最小的6個(gè)月,最大的
8、9歲,其中5歲以內(nèi)68例(790%),2歲以內(nèi)48例(558%)。分別在起病2~12d住院。冠狀動(dòng)脈擴(kuò)張的診斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)[3]為冠狀動(dòng)脈內(nèi)徑:0~3<25m