腹膜和腹膜腔解剖

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1、腹膜和腹膜腔內(nèi)容：一、腹膜腔的概念二、腹膜形成的結(jié)構(gòu)三、腹膜間隙January,2007Copyright?Depart.Anatomy,SchoolofMedicine,LanzhouUniversity.AllrightreservedbyYPHOUandYFSONG一、腹膜腔的概念腹膜腔為壁腹膜和臟腹膜之間的潛在腔隙，內(nèi)有少量（100~200ml）漿液。January,2007Copyright?Depart.Anatomy,SchoolofMedicine,LanzhouUniversity.AllrightreservedbyYP

2、HOUandYFSONG男性腹膜腔是密閉的，女性腹膜腔間接通外界（經(jīng)輸卵管腹腔口、輸卵管、子宮、陰道與外界相通）。January,2007Copyright?Depart.Anatomy,SchoolofMedicine,LanzhouUniversity.AllrightreservedbyYPHOUandYFSONG二、腹膜形成的結(jié)構(gòu)網(wǎng)膜系膜韌帶皺襞陷窩、陷凹January,2007Copyright?Depart.Anatomy,SchoolofMedicine,LanzhouUniversity.Allrightreservedby

3、YPHOUandYFSONG（一）網(wǎng)膜omentum與胃相連的腹膜皺襞，有：小網(wǎng)膜大網(wǎng)膜January,2007Copyright?Depart.Anatomy,SchoolofMedicine,LanzhouUniversity.AllrightreservedbyYPHOUandYFSONG1.小網(wǎng)膜lesseromentum為從肝門連至胃小彎和十二指腸上部的雙層腹膜皺襞。又分為：肝胃韌帶肝十二指腸韌帶January,2007Copyright?Depart.Anatomy,SchoolofMedicine,LanzhouUnivers

4、ity.AllrightreservedbyYPHOUandYFSONG2.大網(wǎng)膜greateromentum形似圍裙覆蓋在空、回腸和橫結(jié)腸的前面，左緣與胃脾韌帶相連續(xù)。January,2007Copyright?Depart.Anatomy,SchoolofMedicine,LanzhouUniversity.AllrightreservedbyYPHOUandYFSONG胃結(jié)腸韌帶:自胃大彎和十二指腸上部至橫結(jié)腸之間的大網(wǎng)膜前兩層形成胃結(jié)腸韌帶。內(nèi)含胃網(wǎng)膜左、右血管、胃網(wǎng)膜左、右淋巴結(jié)等。January,2007Copyright?De

5、part.Anatomy,SchoolofMedicine,LanzhouUniversity.AllrightreservedbyYPHOUandYFSONG3.網(wǎng)膜孔和網(wǎng)膜囊網(wǎng)膜孔：位于小網(wǎng)膜游離緣后方，可容1~2指，經(jīng)網(wǎng)膜孔可進入胃后面的網(wǎng)膜囊。January,2007Copyright?Depart.Anatomy,SchoolofMedicine,LanzhouUniversity.AllrightreservedbyYPHOUandYFSONG網(wǎng)膜孔的周界：前界：肝十二指腸韌帶下界：十二指腸上部January,2007Copyr

6、ight?Depart.Anatomy,SchoolofMedicine,LanzhouUniversity.AllrightreservedbyYPHOUandYFSONG后界：下腔靜脈表面的腹膜上界：肝尾葉January,2007Copyright?Depart.Anatomy,SchoolofMedicine,LanzhouUniversity.AllrightreservedbyYPHOUandYFSONG網(wǎng)膜囊omentalbursa（又稱小腹膜腔）位于小網(wǎng)膜和胃后壁與腹后壁的腹膜之間的一個扁窄間隙，網(wǎng)膜囊以外的腹膜腔稱大腹膜腔。

7、January,2007Copyright?Depart.Anatomy,SchoolofMedicine,LanzhouUniversity.AllrightreservedbyYPHOUandYFSONG周界：上界：肝尾葉和膈下面的腹膜。下界：大網(wǎng)膜前、后層的愈著處。January,2007Copyright?Depart.Anatomy,SchoolofMedicine,LanzhouUniversity.AllrightreservedbyYPHOUandYFSONG前壁：小網(wǎng)膜、胃后壁的腹膜和胃結(jié)腸韌帶。后壁：橫結(jié)腸及其系膜以及覆

8、蓋胰、左腎、左腎上腺等處的腹膜。January,2007Copyright?Depart.Anatomy,SchoolofMedicine,LanzhouUniversity.A