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《中美兩國迥然不同的世界觀》由會員上傳分享，免費在線閱讀，更多相關(guān)內(nèi)容在應(yīng)用文檔-天天文庫。
1、中美兩國迥然不同的世界觀 ChineseandAmericansliterallyviewtheworlddifferently，accordingtoanewstudy，whichfoundthatthetwogroupstendtomovetheireyesindistinctlydifferentpatternswhenlookingatpictures. “Itpeopleareliterallylookingattheworlddifferently，wethinkitwouldbenaturalforthe
2、mtoexplaintheworldindifferentways，”saidRichardNisbett，apsychologistattheUniversityofMichigan. Overthepastdecade，researchbyNisbettandhiscolleagueshassurprisedsocialscientistswithnumerousstudiesshowingthatWesternersandEastAsiansthinkdifferently. Westernerstendtobe
3、analyticalandpaymoreattentiontothekey，orfocalobjectsinascene—forexample，concentrationonthewomaninthe“MonaLisa”，asopposedtotherocksandskybehindher. “EastAsians，bycontrast，tendtolookatthewholepictureandrelyoncontextualinformationwhenmakingdecisionsandjudgmentsabout
4、whattheysee，”Nisbettsaid. ThenewstudywasdesignedtodetermineifthedifferenceinthethoughtprocessesofEastAsiansandWesternersaffectshoweachgroupphysicallylooksattheworld.Tofindout，theresearchersmeasuredeyemovementsof45andChinesestudentsastheylookedatphotographsthatfea
5、turedsinglefocalobjectsagainstcomplexbackgrounds.Forexample，oneimageshowedatigerbyastreaminaforest.Anotherimageshowedafighterjetflyingoveramountainouslandscape. “Whentestsubjectslookedatthepictures，differencesemergedbetweentheandChinesestudentswithinthefirstsecon
6、dofanaverageviewing，”Nisbettsaid.“Americanslookatthefocalobjectmorequicklyandspendmoretimelookingatit，”hesaid.“TheChinesehavemoresaccades.Theymovetheireyesmore，especiallybackandforthbetweentheobjectandthebackgroundfield.” ThefindingsuggeststhatEastAsiansliterally
7、spendmoretimeputtingobjectsintocontextthanAmericansdo.Thedifferencesarenotjustreflectedinhowindividualsrecallandreporttheirmemoriesbutinhowtheyphysicallyseeanimageinthefirstplace. Nisbettsaysthatanyexplanationfortheculturaldifferencesis，atthispoint，speculation.Ho
8、wever，heandhiscolleaguessuggestthatthedifferencesmayberootedinsocialpracticesthatstretchbackthousandsofyears. “Westernersaretaughttopayattentiontoobjec
