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1、·摘要對3株植物乳桿菌(Lactobacillusplantarum)29、59和ZB進行了耐食鹽、耐亞硝酸鹽試驗、乳酸菌間拮抗試驗、抑菌試驗等生理特性試驗和在牛肉發(fā)酵香腸中的應(yīng)用結(jié)果表明:3株菌均可以在6%的食鹽濃度下生長,在150mg/kg的亞硝酸鹽濃度下生長良好,其代謝產(chǎn)物均對金黃色葡萄球菌(Staphylococcusaureus)、大腸桿菌(Escherichiacoli)、沙門氏菌(Salmonella)有抑制作用。菌株ZB與菌株59之間無拮抗作用。對3株菌進行發(fā)酵劑的初篩選和復(fù)篩選,篩選出菌株ZB與菌株59以相同比例混合作為牛肉發(fā)酵香腸發(fā)酵劑。添加發(fā)酵劑組在改
2、善發(fā)酵香腸嫩度如咀嚼力、硬度、膠粘性方面與添加木瓜蛋白酶組差異不顯著(P>0.05),其更有利于提高發(fā)酵香腸的粘著力和彈性;在發(fā)酵香腸干燥(7d)完成時,添加發(fā)酵劑組的非蛋白氮值(NPN)和蛋白水解指數(shù)(PI)極顯著(P<0.01)高于添加木瓜蛋白酶組。在整個發(fā)酵過程,添加發(fā)酵劑組的乳酸菌數(shù)顯著(p<0.05)高于空白對照組,pH值極顯著(p<0.01)低于空白對照組,在發(fā)酵結(jié)束時pH值達到4.77;在后熟完成時添加發(fā)酵劑組的亞硝酸鹽殘留量與揮發(fā)性鹽基總氮值(TVB-N)均極顯著(P<0.01)低于空白對照組,且添加發(fā)酵劑組的大腸菌群最近似數(shù)符合國標(biāo)。關(guān)鍵詞:植物乳桿菌;牛
3、肉;發(fā)酵香腸····TheApplicationofLactobacillusplantaruminFermentedBeefSausagesAbstractThecharacteristicsofsalttolerance,nitritetolerance,theantagonismbetweenlacticacidbacteriaandtheinhibitorytestfor3strainsLactobacillusplantarum29,59,ZBandtheapplicationinfermentedbeefsausageswerestudied.Thegoodfe
4、rmentationcharacteristicswerefoundsuchastheabilitytogrowadequatelyintheconditionof6%NaCland150mg/kgnitrite.ThegrowthofStaphylococcusaureus,EscherichiacoliandSalmonellawereinhibited,andtherewasnoinhibitionbetweenLactobacillusplantarumZBandLactobacillusplantarum59.Fromthefirstandsecondselect
5、ion,thebeststartercultureforthefermentedbeefsausageswasLactobacillusplantarumZBandLactobacillusplantarum59whichweremixedatthesameratio.Chewiness,HardnessandGumminessoffermentedbeefsausageswithstarterculturewerethesame(P>0.05)asthegroupaddedpapain,CohesivenessandSpringnessoffermentedbeefsau
6、sagewerepromotedbythegroupofstarterculture.afterfrying,thenonproteinnitrogen(NPN)andproteolysisindexes(PI)ofgroupofstarterculturewerehigher(P<0.01)thanthegroupofaddedpapain.Intheprocessingoffermentedsausages,thelacticacidbacteriaofaddedstarterculturewashigher(P<0.05)thancontrol,thepHvaluew
7、aslower(P<0.05)thancontrol,attheendoffermentationitreached4.77.Afterripening,theresiduesofnitriteandTVB-Nofaddedstarterculturewerelower(P<0.01)thancontrol,andMostprobablenumber(MPN)wasbelowGB.Keywords:Lactobacillusplantarum;Beef;FermentedsausagesDirectedby:Pro