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1、8DG≤SS錫都個舊:資源開發(fā)與族群認(rèn)同F(xiàn)actoryCityGejiu:ResourceDevelopmentandEthnicIdentity專業(yè)名稱:人類學(xué)研究方向:文化人類學(xué)理論與方法研究學(xué)位申請人:李霞指導(dǎo)教師:周大嗚教授答辯委員主席:委員:中國.廣州.中山大掌人類掌系2010年5月26日.L■■●,.●●▲■r錫都個舊:資源開發(fā)與族群認(rèn)同摘要本文通過對個舊市參與資源開發(fā)的三大族群的人類學(xué)民族志研究,從族群認(rèn)同的角度探討了一個多族群共存社區(qū)的族群邊界形成過程。這一族群邊界圍繞資源開發(fā)展開,普通的族群成員,族群精英,國家領(lǐng)導(dǎo),族群間以及與政府的談判交易都是
2、族群邊界的構(gòu)建者。因此,他們都參與了族群邊界的建立,在這里族群邊界建立的實質(zhì)就是社會關(guān)系的建立。在中國政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)變遷的背景下,個人與族群,個人與國家,族群與族群,族群與國家之間的關(guān)系都在經(jīng)歷調(diào)整和重構(gòu)。族群在個舊資源開發(fā)的過程中,身份不斷發(fā)生轉(zhuǎn)換,淘金人云錫在此過程中崛起,土著彝族由個舊最初的主人轉(zhuǎn)變成為名譽主人,經(jīng)營商業(yè)富有的回族在個舊定居千年卻仍被認(rèn)知為客居者,族群邊界在此轉(zhuǎn)換中不斷被調(diào)整變遷。原有的歷史記憶和社會關(guān)系在人們的生活中占據(jù)顯著位置,族群邊界的建立和調(diào)整圍繞著歷史、親緣關(guān)系展開。同時,生產(chǎn)和生活方式的改變帶來社會生活的改變,新的族群認(rèn)同在這一多族群
3、共存的社會中出現(xiàn)。關(guān)鍵詞:國家資源歷史族群邊界族群認(rèn)同錫都個舊:資源開發(fā)與族群認(rèn)同F(xiàn)actoryCityGejiu:ResourceDevelopmentandEthnicIdentityAbstractBasedonanethnographicstudyofthreemajorethnicgroupsinvolvedinresourgedevelopmentinthecityofGejiu,thisthesisdiscussestheprocessofethnicboundaryformationinamulti—ethniccommunityinthepers
4、pectiveofethnicidentity.Aroundtheresourcedevelopment,ordinarymembersofethnicgroups,ethnicefttes,nationalleadership,negotiationsandtransactionsinter-ethnicorwiththegovernmentwereallinvolvedintheconstructionofethnicboundaries,theessenceofwhichwastheestablishmentofsocialrelationships.Int
5、hebackgroundofChina'spoliticalandeconomicchange。therelationshipbetweenindividualsandethniCgroups,betweenindividuabandcountry,betweendifferentethnicgroups,aswellasbetweenethnicgroupsandcountrywereexperiencingadjustmentandreCOnstruction.IntheprocessoftheresourcedevelopmentinGejiu,thesta
6、tusofethnicgroupsconstantlychanged.YunnanTinGrouppanningforgoldhasgrownup,thenativeYipeoplehaschangedfromtheoriginalmasterofGejiutothenominalmaster,therichHuipeopicwhowasinbusinessandsettledinGejiuforthousandyearswasstillconsideredasguest.Theethnicboundarywasadjustedandchangedduringth
7、istransformation.Originalhistoricalmemoryandsocialrelationshadanimportantplaceinpeople’Slives.Theethnicboundarywasestablishedandadjustedaroundhistoryandkinship.Atthesametime,thevariationofproductionandfifestylehasbroughtchangesinsociallife,thenewethnicidentityformedinthemulti-ethnicco
8、mmuni