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1、東北師范大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文學(xué)習(xí)不良初中生認(rèn)知、歸因、行為策略及情緒的特點研究姓名:金鐸申請學(xué)位級別:碩士專業(yè):發(fā)展與教育心理學(xué)指導(dǎo)教師:路海東20040501中文摘要本研究以437名初中生為被試,以問卷調(diào)查的形式考察了初中生的認(rèn)知、歸因、行為策略及情緒之間的關(guān)系,并通過學(xué)習(xí)不良學(xué)生與學(xué)習(xí)優(yōu)秀學(xué)生的對比研究,揭示出這兩組學(xué)生之間的差異,最后,對學(xué)習(xí)不良學(xué)生采用習(xí)得性無力感及自我妨礙的行為策略的情況做了進一步的分析。本研究的結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn):1.初中生對學(xué)習(xí)結(jié)果的可控性的認(rèn)知、成功期望、學(xué)習(xí)興趣、學(xué)習(xí)重要性的認(rèn)知分別與外歸因、習(xí)得性無力
2、感的行為策略、自我妨礙的行為策略、焦慮和抑郁之間均呈顯著負(fù)相關(guān),與自尊呈顯著正相關(guān)。2.初中生對學(xué)習(xí)結(jié)果的外歸因與習(xí)得性無力感與自我妨礙的行為策略均呈顯著正相關(guān)。3.初中生采用習(xí)得性無力感與自我妨礙行為策略的程度分別與自尊呈顯著負(fù)相關(guān),而與抑郁及焦慮呈顯著正相關(guān)。4.學(xué)習(xí)不良初中生在對學(xué)習(xí)結(jié)果的可控性及學(xué)習(xí)的重要性的認(rèn)知上均顯著低于學(xué)習(xí)優(yōu)秀學(xué)生.5.學(xué)習(xí)不良初中生與學(xué)習(xí)優(yōu)秀學(xué)生在采用習(xí)得性無力感的行為策略上存在顯著差異,即學(xué)習(xí)不良學(xué)生較學(xué)習(xí)優(yōu)秀學(xué)生更多采用習(xí)得性無力感的行為策略;兩組學(xué)生在采用自我妨礙策略方面的差異接近顯著
3、性水平,即學(xué)習(xí)不良學(xué)生較學(xué)習(xí)優(yōu)秀學(xué)生更多采用自我妨礙的行為策略。6.學(xué)習(xí)不良初中生在采用習(xí)得性無力感和自我妨礙的行為策略方面無差異。7.習(xí)得性無力感學(xué)生對成功的期望低于自我妨礙的學(xué)生。關(guān)鍵詞:初中生學(xué)習(xí)不良認(rèn)知歸因行為策略情緒AbstractJuniormiddleschoolstudents'cognitions,attributions,behaviorstrategiesandmoodsareexamined飾theinventorieswith437subjects.Diferencesarefoundinthec
4、omparativestudyonunderachieversandachievers.Asfortheformer,studiesarecarriedoutrespectivelybetweenthelearnedhelplessandtheself-handicapped.Thefollowingarefound:1Cognitionofcontrollablelearningresults,achievementexpectation,learninginterest,andcognitionoflearningsi
5、gnificancearenegativelyandsignificantlycorrelatedwithexternalattribution,learnedhelplessnessstrategies,self-handicappingstrategy,anxietyanddepressionrespectively,andsignificantpositivecorrelationisfoundwithself-esteem;2Externalattributiontolearningresultsarepositi
6、velycorrelatedwithlearnedhelplessnessandself-handicappingsignificantly;3Theextentoflearnedhelplessnessandself-handicappingisnegativelycorrelatedwithself-esteemsi腳ficantly;butpositivelywithdepressionandanxiety;4Thecognitionsofcontrollablelearningresultsandlearnings
7、ignificanceoftheunderachieversaresignificantlyinferiortothoseoftheachievers;5Significantdiferenceisfoundintheemploymentoflearnedhelplessnessstrategybetweentheunderachieversandtheachievers----theformerprefertotakethestrategiesoflearnedhelplessnessandself-handicappi
8、ng;6Nodiferenceisfoundintakinglearnedhelplessnessandself-handicappingamongunderachievers;7Achievementexpectationofthelearnedhelplessislessthantheself-ha