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1、UNSWPhotovoltaicsCentreofExcellence-supportedbytheAustralianResearchCouncil““TheFutureofThinTheFutureofThin--filmSolarfilmSolarCellsCells””MartinA.GreenMartinA.GreenUniversityofNewSouthWalesUniversityofNewSouthWalesSydneySydneyUNSWPhotovoltaics-ElectricityfromSunlightPhotovoltaicsbooming
2、Photovoltaicsbooming10Source:PhotonInternational86Bulk42NewCapacity,GW0Thin-film20002002200420062008UNSW2010Photovoltaics-ElectricityfromSunlightFirstgenerationcellsFirstgenerationcellsLargerSiwaferareathanICsLargerSiwaferareathanICs150-200μm2-3mmIssuesIssues.thinnercells.thinnercells.si
3、mplerSipurification.simplerSipurificationn++.higherconversionefficiency.higherconversionefficiencyp-typep+UNSWmetalPhotovoltaics-ElectricityfromSunlightSecondGeneration:thinSecondGeneration:thin--filmfilmThin-filmTechnologies.Silicon.amorphous.microcrystalline.polycrystalline.Chalcogenid
4、e(polycrystalline).CIS,CIGS[Cu(In,Ga)(Se,S)2].CdTeAdvantages.Dyesensitised,Organics.lowmaterialscost.largemanufacturingunit.fullyintegratedmodules.aesthetics,ruggedness?UNSWPhotovoltaics-ElectricityfromSunlightSiliconThinSiliconThin--FilmFilmaa--Si,Si,μμcc--Si,cSi,c--SiSiamorphous,microc
5、rystalline,(polyamorphous,microcrystalline,(poly--)crystalline)crystallineUNSWPhotovoltaics-ElectricityfromSunlightChalcogenidesChalcogenides:CdTeandCIGS:CdTeandCIGS.highestefficiencyCdTeCdTe.trickytodeposit.Cdtoxic,InscarceglassTCOSnO2windowCdSCdSxTe1-xalloylayerabsorberCdTeTCOZnOwindow
6、CdSmetalcontactabsorberCu(Ga,In)(Se,S)CuInGaSeS2.easilydepositedcontactMosubstrate.Cdtoxic,TescarceglassCIGSCIGSUNSWPhotovoltaics-ElectricityfromSunlightOtherAdvancedThinOtherAdvancedThin--Films:Films:DyeDye--sensitised;Organicsensitised;OrganicUNSWPhotovoltaics-ElectricityfromSunlightCo
7、streductionCostreduction198120000Photovoltaics(learning~20%)10000Windturbines500020021982USA(~20%)200019931987World(~5%)10002003US$/kWGasturbines(USA)19632001(~20%,~10%)50019802000.010.11.010.0100.0CumulativeGWinstalledAdaptedfromGrübleretal.,1999UNSWPhotovoltaics-Electri
