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1、^CT●llORIGULTURAE華北農(nóng)學(xué)報(bào)·2013，28(5)：157-162DORHLI-SIHICg}i_厶連作田土壤酶活性和養(yǎng)分含量研究馬瑞瑞，高小麗，崔雯雯，楊秋歌，馬淑蓉，高金鋒，王鵬科，馮佰利(西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué)農(nóng)學(xué)院，旱區(qū)作物逆境生物學(xué)國家重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室，陜西楊凌712100)摘要：蕓豆是一種經(jīng)濟(jì)價(jià)值頗高的雜糧作物，忌連作，但是由于目前我國可耕地面積日益減少，適宜蕓豆種植的土地也不斷減少，蕓豆連作現(xiàn)象較為普遍，因此，研究蕓豆連作對(duì)土壤環(huán)境的影響勢在必行。本試驗(yàn)以小黑蕓豆為供試材料，以輪作為對(duì)照，研究蕓豆連作對(duì)耕層土壤
2、養(yǎng)分含量和土壤酶活性變化，結(jié)果表明：連作抑制了0—20cm耕層過氧化氫酶、堿性磷酸酶、多酚氧化酶、脲酶、蔗糖酶的活性，降低了土壤有機(jī)質(zhì)、氮、磷含量和有效性，并降低了土壤pH值，且土壤酶活性和土壤養(yǎng)分含量存在顯著相關(guān)性(P<0．01)；連作對(duì)土壤過氧化氫酶、多酚氧化酶活性影響主要在開花期，對(duì)其他酶活性的影響在開花至結(jié)莢期。由于連作導(dǎo)致蕓豆籽粒產(chǎn)量較輪作降低了29．4％，因此，蕓豆生產(chǎn)上應(yīng)盡量避免連作，進(jìn)行輪作倒茬，以實(shí)現(xiàn)高產(chǎn)優(yōu)質(zhì)。關(guān)鍵詞：蕓豆；連作；土壤酶；土壤養(yǎng)分中圖分類號(hào)：S529；S154．2文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼：A文章編號(hào)：lO00
3、—7091(2013)05—0157一O6ResearchonSoilNutrientandSoilEnzymeinKidneyBeanFieldwithContinuousCroppingMARui—rui，GAOXiao—li，CUIWen—wen，YANGQiu—ge，MAShu—rong，GAOJin—feng，WANGPeng—ke，F(xiàn)ENGBai—li(CollegeofAgronomy，NorthwestA&FUniversity，StateKeyLaboratoryofCropStressBiologyforAr
4、idAreas，Yangling712100，China)Abstract：Kidneybean，asasensitivecropwithcontinuouscropping，isakindofgraincropswithhigheco—nomicvalue，butbecauseoftheshrinkingarablelandareainChina，suitableforkidneybeancultivatedlandisde·creasing，thephenomenonofkidneybeanmonocroppingisrel
5、ativelycommon，SO，itisimperativetostudytheeffectofcontinuouscroppingonsoilenvironmentinkidneybeanfield．Usingthelittleblackkidneybeansasthematerial，theexperimentstudysoilnutrientcontentsandsoilenzymeactivityundertheconditionofcontinuouscroppingcam—paringwithrotation．Th
6、eresearchshowsthatcontinuouscroppingrestrainedsoilenzymeactivitywhichincludingCatalaseactivity，A-phosphataseactivity，PPOactivity，UraseandInvertaseactivity，reducedthecontentofsoilor—ganicmatter，nitrogen，phosphorusandthemeffectivenessin0—20cmsoillayer，andbothofthemcorr
7、elationwassignificantextremely(P<0．01)，thesoilpHwasreducedatthesametime；ThesoilCatalaseandPPOactivitywasaffectedbycontinuouscroppinginthefloweringperiod，theotherswereaffectedbycontinuouscroppingfromflower—ingstageandpoddingstage．Comparedwithcroprotation．thekidneybean
8、grainyieldwasreducedby29．4％withcontinuouscropping．Keywords：Kidneybean；Continuouscropping；Soilenzyme；Soilnutrient蕓豆(Phaseolusvulgari
