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1、檸檬酸的工藝生產(chǎn)流程摘要檸檬酸廣泛應(yīng)用于食品行業(yè)、醫(yī)藥工業(yè)和化學(xué)工業(yè)等方面。它可利用糖質(zhì)原料如土豆、地瓜中的淀粉等,在多種霉菌及黑曲霉的作用下,控制較低的溫度及PH值、較高的通氣量和糖濃度,用發(fā)酵法制得。檸檬酸又名枸櫞酸,學(xué)名3-羥基-3-羧基戊二酸,分子式C6H8O7為無色、無臭、半透明結(jié)晶或白色粉末,易溶于水及酒精。加熱可以分解成多種產(chǎn)物,與酸、堿、甘油發(fā)生反應(yīng)。檸檬酸主要用于食品工業(yè),因為檸檬酸有溫和爽快的酸味,普遍用于各種飲料、汽水、葡萄酒、糖果、點心、餅干、罐頭果汁、乳制品等食品的制造。檸檬酸在化學(xué)工業(yè)上可做化學(xué)分析用試劑,用作實驗試劑,色譜分析試劑及生
2、化試劑,用作絡(luò)合劑,掩蔽劑,配制緩沖溶液。采用檸檬酸或檸檬酸鹽類做助洗劑,可改善洗劑產(chǎn)品的性能,可以迅速和沉淀金屬離子,防止污染物重新附著在織物上,保持洗劑必要的堿性使污垢和灰分散和懸浮,提高表面活性劑的性能,是一種優(yōu)良的螯合劑。關(guān)鍵詞:檸檬酸,黑曲霉,發(fā)酵法CitricAcidInTheProcessOfTheProductionProcessABSTRACTcitricacidiswidelyusedinfoodindustry,pharmaceuticalindustryandchemicalindustry,etc.Itcanusesugarinthera
3、wmaterialssuchaspotato,sweetpotatostarch,etc.,undertheactionofavarietyofmoldandaspergillusNiger,controloflowtemperatureandPHvalue,highventilationandsugarconcentration,usingfermentationmethod.Citricacidorcitrate,scientificname3-hydroxy-3-carboxylicglutaricacid,molecularformulaC6H8O7isc
4、olourless,odourless,translucentcrystalsorwhitepowder,solubleinwaterandalcohol.Heatingcanbedecomposedintoavarietyofproducts,reactwithacid,alkali,glycerin.Citricacidismainlyusedinfoodindustry,becauseofcitricacidhasamildandrefreshingacidity,widelyusedinallkindsofdrinks,softdrinks,wine,ca
5、ndy,snacks,biscuits,cannedfruitjuices,dairyproducts,suchasfoodmanufacturing.Citricacidinthechemicalindustrytodochemicalanalysisreagent,usedaslaboratoryreagents,chromatographyanalyticalreagentandbiochemicalreagents,usedascomplexingagentandmaskingagent,buffersolution.Usingcitricacidorci
6、tricacidsaltsdohelplotion,canimprovetheperformanceofdetergentproduct,canquicklyandprecipitationofmetalions,andpreventpollutantsareattachedtothefabricagain,keepthelotion,alkalinenecessarymakethedirtanddustdispersionandsuspension,improvetheperformanceofthesurfactantisakindofexcellentche
7、latingagent.Keywords:citricacid,aspergillusNiger,fermentation目錄第一章緒論…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………1引言……...……………………………………………………………………………..……………………………………………...2檸檬酸現(xiàn)狀及應(yīng)用……………………………………………………………………………………………………………....第二章實驗材料及其方法………………………………………………………………………………………………………….1設(shè)計
8、方案………