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1、EPASEA戰(zhàn)略環(huán)境評估WhatisSEATherearemanydefinitionsofstrategicenvironmentalassessment(SEA).SadlerandVerheem(1996)callit:"asystematicprocessforevaluatingtheenvironmentalconsequencesofproposedpolicy,planorprogrammeinitiativesinordertoensuretheyarefullyincludedandappropriatelyaddressedattheearliestappr
2、opriatestageofdecisionmakingonparwitheconomicandsocialconsiderations."Theriveletal.(1992)defineitas:"theformalised,systematicandcomprehensiveprocessofevaluatingtheenvironmentaleffectsofapolicy,planorprogrammeanditsalternatives,includingthepreparationofawrittenreportonthefindingsofthatevaluati
3、on,andusingthefindingsinpubliclyaccountabledecision-making."PerhapsthesimplestdefinitionofSEAisthatitistheenvironmentalimpactassessmentprocessappliedtopolicies,plansandprogrammes,keepinginmindthattheprocessofevaluatingenvironmentalimpactsatastrategiclevelisnotnecessarilythesameasevaluatingthe
4、mataprojectlevel.SEAismeanttobeacontinuoussourceofenvironmentalinformationthroughoutallthestagesofdecision-making,asshownbelow.Notethatthestagesdonotnecessarilyfollowsoneanother:forinstance,theidentificationofalternativesmayshowthatotheraspectsoftheenvironmentalbaselineneedtobeanalysed.Stages
5、inSEAPlan-makingstageSEAstagePurposeofSEAstageEarlyintheplan-makingprocessDecidewhetherSEAisneeded“Screening”ContextsettingDescribetheenvironmentalandpolicycontextthataffectstheplanEstablishhowtheplanisaffectedbyoutsidefactors,provideanevidencebaseforimpactpredictionandmonitoring;helpfocusthe
6、SEAandstreamliningsubsequentstages;suggestideasforhowanyconstraintscanbeaddressedandhelptodeveloptheSEAframeworkIdentifyotherrelevantplans,programmesandenvironmentalprotectionobjectivesProvideameansbywhichtheenvironmentalperformanceoftheplanandalternativescanbeassessCollectbaselineinformation
7、.EarlyconsultationsaboutscopeofSEAEnsurethattheSEAcoversthelikelysignificantenvironmentaleffectsoftheplan.Plan-makingstageSEAstagePurposeofSEAstageAstheplanevolvesAssessmentandmitigationPlanobjectives:testtheplanobjectivesagainsttheSEAframewo
