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《so42-zro2固體超強(qiáng)酸催化劑的研究畢業(yè)論文》由會(huì)員上傳分享，免費(fèi)在線閱讀，更多相關(guān)內(nèi)容在學(xué)術(shù)論文-天天文庫(kù)。
1、摘要近年來(lái)，隨著環(huán)境保護(hù)要求的提高，人們迫切希望替代石油和化學(xué)工業(yè)中一些重要反應(yīng)所使用的環(huán)境不友好催化劑，如：HF、H2SO4、H3PO4和AlCl3等。固體超強(qiáng)酸能在較低溫度下活化共價(jià)的C-H和C-C鍵，且兼具多相催化劑的可再生性和液體超強(qiáng)酸的高活性和高選擇性的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，極有可能成為這些環(huán)境不友好催化劑的替代品，創(chuàng)立一批無(wú)環(huán)境污染的清潔工藝。SO42-/MxOy型固體超強(qiáng)酸，尤其是SO42-/ZrO2具有不腐蝕反應(yīng)裝置，環(huán)境友好，可在高溫下重復(fù)使用等優(yōu)點(diǎn)，近三十年來(lái)一直受到國(guó)內(nèi)外催化研究者的廣泛關(guān)
2、注。與常用的固體酸催化劑相比，它們的最大優(yōu)點(diǎn)是酸強(qiáng)度高，彌補(bǔ)了前者在酸強(qiáng)度方面的不足，滿足強(qiáng)酸催化反應(yīng)的需要。而且它們?nèi)菀资沟孜锏腃-H和C-C鍵活化，形成碳正離子，促使酸催化反應(yīng)在相對(duì)較低的溫度下進(jìn)行。從而節(jié)省能耗，減少副反應(yīng)，并且有利于生成高辛烷值的支鏈烴。因此，是一類很有應(yīng)用潛力的新型綠色催化材料。本文綜述了SO42-/ZrO2固體超強(qiáng)酸催化劑的結(jié)構(gòu)與性質(zhì)、制備方法以及在各類反應(yīng)中的應(yīng)用進(jìn)展，總結(jié)了SO42-/ZrO2固體超強(qiáng)酸催化劑的催化性能，并預(yù)測(cè)了今后的發(fā)展方向和應(yīng)用前景。關(guān)鍵詞：S
3、O42-/ZrO2；固體超強(qiáng)酸；催化劑；異構(gòu)化AbstractRecently,withtheincreasingofenvironmentalconstrains,theenvironmentalunfriendlycatalystsusedinpetrochemicalindustry,suchasHF,H2SO4,H3PO4andA1C13,areurgenttobesubstitutedbynewcleancatalysts.Solidsuperacidsarecapableofacti
4、vatingthecovalentC-HandC-Cbondsatlowertemperatures,andrevealalltheadvantagesofheterogeneouscatalystssuchasregenerabilitycoupledwiththebenefitsofliquidsuperacidssuchashighactivityandselectivity.Theyarepossibletobecomethesubstituteofthoseenvironmentall
5、yunfriendlycatalysts,andthusanumberofenvironmentalfriendlyprocessesmaybeestablished.SO42-/MxOytypesolidsuperacids,especiallySO42-/ZrO2,haveattractedmuchattentioninthelast30years,becausetheyarenoncorrosive,environmentallyfriendlyandreusableathightempe
6、ratures.Comparedwithtraditionalsolidacidcatalysts,thetypicalfeatureofthesesolidsuperacidsisthattheyarehighlyacidic.Thus,theymakeupthedeficiencyinacidstrengthfortheformeracidcatalysts,andmeettherequirementforthestrongacid-catalyzedreactions.Mover,they
7、areeasytoactivateC-HandC-Cbondsofthesubstrates,andcatalyzethereactionatrelativelylowtemperatures.Asaresult,energycanbesavedandsidereactionsaredecreased.Alsobranchedhydrocarbonswithhighoctanenumberarefavoredtoproduce.Therefore,theyarerecognizedasaclas
8、sofnovelcatalyticmaterialswhicharegreenandhavepotentialapplication.Thearticlemainlysummarizedthestructureandproperties,preparationmethodandapplicationofSO42-/ZrO2typesolidsuperacidcatalystsineveryreaction,andinrestigatedthecatalyticpropertiesofthecat
