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《重慶市烏江新高考協(xié)作體2022-2023學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期7月期末英語試題 Word版無答案.docx》由會(huì)員上傳分享，免費(fèi)在線閱讀，更多相關(guān)內(nèi)容在教育資源-天天文庫。
2022-2023學(xué)年高一(下)期末學(xué)業(yè)質(zhì)量聯(lián)合調(diào)研抽測英語試題(分?jǐn)?shù)：120分，時(shí)間：100分鐘)第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題：每小題1.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AFourPlacesNamedAfterScientistsinAntarcticaTherearemanyscientificbreakthroughsmadebywomeninAntarctic.HerearefourlandmarksinAntarcticaandthefemalepioneersthey’renamedfor.JonesTerrace(梯田)Theice-freeterraceineasternAntarctica’sVictoriaLandbearsJones’name.In1969,geochemistLoisM.Jonesledthefirstall-femaleresearchteamfromtheU.S.toworkinAntarctica.JonesandherteamstudiedchemicalweatheringintheMcMurdoDryValleys,anice-freeareaofAntarctica.Throughchemicalanalysesofrockstheyhadcollected,Jonesandherteamdiscoveredmanygeochemicalcharacteristicsofthevalley’sice-coveredlakes.MountFiennes8,202-foot-highMountFiennes,locatedonAntarctica’slargestisland—AlexanderIsland—isnamedforGinnyFiennes.Sheestablishedandmaintained80-foot-tallradiotowersintheAntarctic.In1985,FiennesbecamethefirstfemalewhowasinvitedtojointheAntarcticClub,aBritishsupperclubopentoindividualswhohavespentextendedtimeintheAntarcticregion.FrancisPeakThe3,727-foot-tallpeakonAntarctica’sAdelaideIslandisnamedafterDameJaneFrancis,whoisthefirstfemaledirectoroftheBritishAntarcticSurvey,thenationalpolarresearchinstituteoftheUK.HercollectionoffossilsonSeymourIslandhelpedconcludeina2021paperthatAntarctica’sabundantplantfossilsindicatethecontinentoncehadamuchwarmerclimatethanitcurrentlydoes.PedenCliffsPedenCliffsnearAntarctica’sMarieByrdLandareproofofthelaborofIrenePeden.ShewasthefirstAmericanfemalescientisttobothliveandworkintheAntarctic,wheresheusedradiowavestostudyicesheets.Pedenandherteamdeterminedhowverylowfrequencyradiowavesspreadoverlongpolardistancesbymeasuringpathwaysintheice.TheyalsousedvaryingradiowavefrequenciestomeasurethethicknessofAntarctica’sice
sheets.1.WhichplaceisnamedafterabuilderofradiotowersintheAntarctic?A.JonesTerrace.B.MountFiennes.C.FrancisPeak.D.PedenCliffs.2.WhoprovedtheprevioushighertemperaturesoftheAntarctic?A.LoisM.Jones.B.GinnyFiennes.C.DameJaneFrancis.D.IrenePeden.3.WhatisspecialaboutIrenePeden?A.ShecouldjudgethethicknessofAntarctica’sicesheets.B.Shediscoveredalotofice-coveredlakesintheAntarctic.CShewasthefirstfemaleAmericantoexploretheAntarctic.D.Shecorrectlymeasuredthespreadingspeedofradiowaves.BAscitiesballoonwithgrowth,accesstonatureforpeoplelivinginurbanareasisbecominghardertofind.Ifyou’relucky,theremightbeapocketparknearwhereyoulive,butit’sunusualtofindplacesinacitythatarerelativelywild.Pastresearchhasfoundhealthandwellnessbenefitsofnatureforhumans,butanewstudyshowsthatwildnessinurbanareasisextremelyimportantforhumanwell-being.Theresearchteamfocusedonalargeurbanpark.Theysurveyedseveralhundredpark-goers,askingthemtosubmitawrittensummaryonlineofameaningfulinteractiontheyhadwithnatureinthepark.Theresearchersthenexaminedthesesubmissions,coding(編碼)experiencesintodifferentcategories.Forexample,oneparticipant’sexperienceof“Wesatandlistenedtothewavesatthebeachforawhile”wasassignedthecategories“sittingatbeach”and“l(fā)isteningtowaves.”Acrossthe320submissions,apatternofcategoriestheresearcherscalla“naturelanguage”begantoemerge.Afterthecodingofallsubmissions,halfadozencategorieswerenotedmostoftenasimportanttovisitors.Theseincludeencounteringwildlife,walkingalongtheedgeofwater,andfollowinganestablishedtrail.Namingeachnatureexperiencecreatesausablelanguage,whichhelpspeoplerecognizeandtakepartintheactivitiesthataremostsatisfyingandmeaningfultothem.Forexample,theexperienceofwalkingalongtheedgeofwatermightbesatisfyingforayoungprofessionalonaweekendhikeinthepark.Backdowntownduringaworkday,theycanenjoyamoredomesticformofthisinteractionbywalkingalongafountainontheirlunchbreak.
“We’retryingtogeneratealanguagethathelpsbringthehuman-natureinteractionsbackintoourdailylives.Andforthattohappen,wealsoneedtoprotectnaturesothatwecaninteractwithit,”saidPeterKahn,aseniorauthorofthestudy.4.Whatphenomenondoestheauthordescribeatthebeginningofthetext?A.Pocketparksarenowpopular.B.Wildnatureishardtofindincities.C.Manycitiesareoverpopulated.D.Peopleenjoylivingclosetonature.5Whydidtheresearcherscodeparticipantsubmissionsintocategories?A.Tocomparedifferenttypesofpark-goers.B.Toexplainwhytheparkattractstourists.C.Toanalyzethemainfeaturesofthepark.D.Tofindpatternsinthevisitors’summaries.6.Whatcanwelearnfromtheexamplegiveninparagraph5?A.Walkingisthebestwaytogainaccesstonature.B.Youngpeoplearetoobusytointeractwithnature.C.Thesamenatureexperiencetakesdifferentforms.D.Thenaturelanguageenhancesworkperformance.7.WhatshouldbedonebeforewecaninteractwithnatureaccordingtoKahn?A.Languagestudy.B.Environmentalconservation.C.Publiceducation.D.Interculturalcommunication.CWorkingoutexactlywhatstudentsandtaxpayersgetforthemoneytheyspendonuniversitiesisatrickybusiness.NowtheOrganisationforEconomicCo-operationandDevelopment(OECD),aParis-basedthink-tankforrichcountries,isplanningtomakethetaskabiteasier,byproducingthefirstinternationalcomparisonofhowsuccessfullyuniversitiesteach.“Ratherthanassumingthatbecauseauniversityspendsmoreitmustbebetter,orusingotherproxymeasuresforquality,wewilllookatlearningoutcomes,”explainsAndreasSchleicher,theOECD’sheadofeducationresearch.JustastheOECDassessesprimaryandsecondaryeducationbytestingrandomlychosengroupsofyoungstersfromeachcountryinreadingandmathematics,itwillsampleuniversitystudentstoseewhattheyhavelearned.Onceenoughuniversitiesaretakingpart,itmaypublishleaguetablesshowingwhereeachcountrystands,justasitnowdoesforcompulsoryeducation.Thatmayproduceafairerassessmentthanthetwoestablishedrankings,thoughtheBritishonedoestrytobroadenitsinquirybytakingopinionsfromacademicsandemployers.ThereismuchtobesaidfortheOECD’sapproach.OfcourseaNobellaureate’sviewonwheretostudymay
beworthhearing,butthoseprofessorsmaybesobusywritingandresearchingthattheyspendlittleornotimeteaching—abigweaknessatAmerica’sfamousuniversities.Andchangesinmethodologycanbringsurprisingshifts.Thehigh-flyingLondonSchoolofEconomics,forexample,tumbled(暴跌)from17thto59thintheBritishrankingspublishedlastweek,primarilybecauseitgotlesscreditthaninpreviousyearsfortheimpressivenumberofforeignstudentsithadmanagedtoattract.TheOECDplanawaitsapprovalfromaneducationministers’meetinginJanuary.Thefirstrankingsareplannedby2021.Theywillbeofinterestnotjustasaguideforshoppersintheglobalmarket,butalsoasindicatorsofperformanceindomesticmarkets.Theywillhelpacademicswonderingwhethertostayputorswitchjobs,studentschoosingwheretospendtheirtimeandmoney,andambitiousuniversitybosseswhowantasharpercompetitiveedgefortheirinstitution.ThetasktheOECDhassetitselfisformidable.Inmanysubjects,suchasliteratureandhistory,thesyllabusvarieshugelyfromonecountry,andevenonecampus,toanother.ButOECDresearchersthinkthatproblemcanbeovercomebyconcentratingonthetransferableskillsthatemployersvalue,suchascriticalthinkingandanalysis,andtestingsubjectknowledgeonlyinfieldslikeeconomicsandengineering,withabigcommoncore.Moreover,saysMrSchleicher,itisajobworthdoing.Today’srankings,hebelieves,donothelpgovernmentsassesswhethertheygetareturnonthemoneytheygiveuniversitiestoteachtheirundergraduates.Studentsoverlooksecond-rankinstitutionsinfavourofbignames,eventhoughthelessgrandmaybebetteratteaching.Worstofall,rankingbyreputationallowsfamousplacestocoastalong,whilemakinglifehardforfeistyupstarts.“Wewillnotbereflectingauniversity’shistory,”saysMrSchleicher,“butasking:whatisaglobalemployerlookingfor?”Afairquestion,evenifnoteverysinglestudent’sdestinyistoworkforamultinationalfirm.8.TheprojectbyOECDisaimedto__________.A.assessprimaryandsecondaryeducationofeachschoolthatsubscribetotheserviceB.appraisethelearningoutcomesofuniversitystudentsaspartoftheiracademicperformanceC.establishanewevaluationsystemforuniversitiesD.setupanewrankingforcompulsoryeducation9.TheassessmentmethodbyOECDisdifferentfromtheestablishedrankingsin__________.A.thatitsinquiryisbroaderastoincludeallthestudentsandstaffB.thatitssamplesarechosenrandomlybasedonstatisticalanalysisofmethodC.thatitattachesmoreimportancetothelearningefficiencyD.thatittakesopinionsfromthestudentstoseewhattheyhavelearnt
10.BythecaseofLondonSchoolofEconomies,theauthorwantstoshowthat__________.A.theOECD’sapproachisveryfairB.theNobellaureate’sopinionisnotworthhearingC.theBritishrankingspaymoreattentiontotheforeignstudentsD.differentassessmentmethodsmayleadtodifferentrankingresults11.TheOECD’srankingsystemwillprobablybewelcomedmostby__________.A.parentswhopayforthechildren’ssecondaryeducationB.thefamouscollegesC.thoseambitioussecond-rankinstitutionsD.shoppersintheglobalmarketDNewresearchsuggeststhatagenethatgovernsthebody’sbiological(circadian)clockactsdifferentlyinmalesversusfemalesandmayprotectfemalesfromheartdisease.Thestudyisthefirsttoanalysecircadianbloodpressurerhythms(節(jié)奏)infemalemice.Thebody’scircadianclock-thebiologicalclockthatorganizesbodilyactivitiesovera24-hourperiod—contributestonormalvariationsinbloodpressureandheartfunctionoverthecourseoftheday.Inmosthealthyhumans,bloodpressuredips(下降)atnight.Peoplewhodonotexperiencethistemporarydrop,called“non-dippers”,aremorelikelytodevelopheartdisease.Thecircadianclockismadeupoffourmainproteins(encodedby“clockgenes”)thatregulateclosetohalfofallgenesinthebody,includingthoseimportantforbloodpressureregulation.Previousresearchhasshownthatmalemicethataremissingoneofthefourclockgenes(PER1)becomenon-dippersandhaveahigherriskforheartandkidneydisease.AresearchteamstudiedthecircadianresponseandbloodpressureoffemalemicethatlackPERIandcomparedthemwithahealthyfemalecontrolgroup.Onbothlow-andhigh-saltdiets,bothgroups“keptanapparentcircadianrhythm”ofbloodpressure,theresearchersexplained.Unlikethemalemiceinpreviousresearch,thefemaleswithoutPERIshowednormaldipsinbloodpressureovernight.TheseresultssuggestthatthelackofPER1actsdifferentlyinmalesandfemales.Thefindingsareconsistentwithresearchshowingthatwomenarelesslikelytobenon-dippersthanmenofthesameage.“Thisstudyrepresentsanimportantstepinunderstandingsexdifferencesintheregulationofcardiovascular(心血管的)functionbythecircadianclock,”theresearcherswrote.12Whatdoesthenewresearchfind?A.Biologicalclockmayprotectmalesfromheartdisease.
B.Biologicalbloodpressurerhythmsinfemalemiceactnormally.C.Biologicalclockorganizesbodilyactivitiesovera24-hourperiod.D.Agenecontrollingbiologicalclockworksdifferentlybetweensexes.13.Whatrolecancircadianclockplayaccordingtothetext?A.Helpingmalescureheartdisease.B.Helpingbloodpressurevarynormally.C.Contributingtoabnormalvariationsinbloodpressure.D.Makingupfourmainproteinsregulatingalmosthalfofallgenes.14.ThelackofPRRI______A.hasthesameimpactonmalesandfemalesB.makesnodifferencetomalesCdoesharmtomale’shealthD.ismorelikelytoaffectfemale’shealth15.Whatwouldbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.OneclockgeneisimportantB.WomenmaybenefitfrombodyclockC.NewstudyanalysesbloodpressurerhythmsD.Bloodpressureofhealthyhumansdipsatnight第二節(jié)(共5小題：每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Envyisanaturalhumanemotion,andwewriterssufferfromitconstantly.Butifweallowit,ourenvywilleatusupinsideandturnsomethingweonceloved(writing)intosomethingwehatenow.____16____.Herearesomepracticalandeffectivestepsyoucanfollow.Remindyourselfwhyyouwrite.Iwritebecauseit’samainaspectofwhoIam.Itsatisfiesmeinawaynothingelsedoes.AlthoughI’mgladtocashwhatevercheckspublisherssendmethisisnotmypurpose.____17____.AslongasIrememberwhyIwrite,Idon’tfeelenviousofothers.Keepapositivecommentfile.I’velongkeptablurb(簡介)filewhereIlistpositivecommentsreviewershavemadeaboutmywork.Iuse
theseblurbswhenitcomestimetopromotemywork.IalsoreadoverthemwhenIneedtoremindmyselfthatI’maprettygoodwriter.Itakescreenshots(截屏)ofpositivethingspeoplesayaboutmyworkonsocialmedia.____18________19____Youknowwhathappenswhenyoudon’tseepeoplepostingabouttheirwritingsuccessesallthetime?Youknownothingaboutthem.Andifyouknownothingaboutthem,youcan’tbeenviousofthem,canyou?Sosometimesleavingthesocialmediaalonemighthelpyoureducethechanceofbeingenvious.Livingyourlifeintherealnotthevirtualworldcanremindyouthatyourwritingcareerisaboutyou,notaboutanyoneelse.Notfocusonwritingonly.Youshouldbearinmindthattherearemorethingstoyourlifethanyourwritingcareer.Hopefullyyouhavefriendsandfamilywholoveyou.Spendsometimewiththem.Doyouhaveanyhobbiesthatdon’tinvolvewriting,somethingyoudoitsimplybecauseit’sfunandrelaxing?Dothatforawhile.Takeabreakforafewdaysanddon’tfeelguiltyaboutit.____20____A.Cutdownonsocialmedia.B.Paynoattentiontootherssuccesses.C.Usingblurbsmakemefeelsatisfiedandrelieved.D.AndIlookatthemwhenIneedanemotionalliftaswell.E.Iwritenotforsuchfinancialreward,butforemotionalreward.F.Therefore,howcanwelearntolivewithitandminimizeitseffects?G.Rechargingyourselfmentallyandemotionallyinturnbenefitsyourwriting.第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題：每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。IwrotemyfirstnovelwhenIwas22.Itwasamess.Ididn’tknowhowtoproperlyorganizedialoguesandstructureaplot(情節(jié)).Thosewereall____21____.Iplannedtoworkoutlater.Igavethebooktomyfathertoread,andheleftmeavoicemailinafewdayssayingthatitwas____22____andthatIwasgoingtosellitfor$300,000.____23____,andratherquickly,thebookwas____24____byeverypublisherinNewYork.IftherewerealiteraryprizeforMostRejections,Iwouldhavewonit.Iwas____25____:ofcourse,butIknewbetterthantogiveup—writingwasn’taneasyjob,andifthisbookwasn’tmy____26____in,maybethenextonewouldbe.Igotbacktowork.
Butthisscenario(劇情)happenedagain:Iwrotebooks...andthentheywouldn’t____27____.Still,myfather’sfaithinmeneverwavered(動(dòng)搖),evenifIworkedahostofotherjobs.Someofthejobs,likebeingabookseller,weregreatand____28____tomywritinglife.Some,likesellingoverpricedjeansto12-year-olds,wereonlyinsofarastheywerematerialforfuture____29____.Andtheywere—becauseitfinally_____30_____.Isoldabook!Iwasgoingtomakeitbig!IcompletelyagreewiththemotivationspeakerandauthorJohnMaxwell’swords:“Successfulandunsuccessfulpeopledonotvarygreatlyintheirabilitiesbutintheir_____31_____toreachtheirpotential.”Life’snot_____32_____.Itneverwas,itisn’tnow,anditwon’teverbe.Butdonotfallintotheentitlementtrapoffeelingyouarea(n)_____33_____.Youarenot.Getoveritand_____34_____withit.Andyes,mostthingsaremore_____35_____whenyoubreakasweattogetthem.21.A.factsB.messagesC.meaningsD.details22.A.practicalB.complexC.wonderfulD.puzzling23.A.ButB.InsteadC.ThereforeD.Regardless24.A.rejectedB.acceptedC.abusedD.commended25.A.depressedB.amazedC.frightenedD.pleased26.A.cardB.ticketC.penD.bill27.A.writeB.buyC.workD.sell28.A.unearthedB.taughtC.ledD.contributed29.A.livesB.decisionsC.storiesD.jobs30.A.happenedB.failedC.madeD.passed31.A.requestB.orderC.recommendationD.desire32.A.sadB.anxiousC.hardD.easy33.A.athleteB.loserC.ownerD.winner34.A.makeupB.getalongC.giveoutD.passaway35.A.challengeB.demandingC.rewardingD.paying第二節(jié)(共10小題：每小題1.5分，滿分15分)語法填空BeCarefulontheInternetParentsofboysataSydneyprivateschoolhavebeenurgedtomonitortheirsons’useofsocialnetworkingwebsite,withawarning____36____anymistakesmadeinteenageyearscouldbepermanentlyrecordedontheInternetandcatchupwiththemlaterinlife.
Theheadmaster,TimothyWright,wrotetoparentsonThursday,____37____(explain)thatyoungerboysweretooimmaturetofullyunderstandthepossibleconsequencesofdisclosingprivateinformationonsocialnetworkingsites.“Wenowknowthatthosepartsofthebrain____38____dealwithdecision-makingarestilldevelopinginamaninhis20s,”hesaid.“Butmistakes____39____(commit)atfifteenmaybestillaccessibletoanemployertenyearslater.”Moderntechnologymeansthatacarelessword,anill-willedcommentoraninappropriatephotograph,areonpermanentrecordandfreelyavailableto____40____hasaccess.Stupiditiesthat____41____(forget)immediatelybeforenowlast,spreadanddamageinwaysunknownbeforethisdecade.DrWrightsaidthat____42____wordsspokenintheplaygroundcouldbemoreeasilyforgotten,thosecapturedontheInternetoronmobilephonetextmessagescouldhavefarmorelastingandmorehurtfulconsequences.HeurgedparentstosetgroundrulesforuseofmobilephonesandtheInternetandinparticulartosetboundariesontakingandsendingimagesthat____43____beusedtobullyothers.“ParentswhoarepayingfortheInternetservicehaveanunquestionableright____44____(insist)theyareafriendonsocialnetworkingwebsites.Iwouldcertainlyinsistonthis_____45_____atleasttheendof16ifnotlater,”hewrote.第四部分寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(滿分15分)46.假定你是李華，最近國內(nèi)一家英文報(bào)紙正在討論人類是否應(yīng)該進(jìn)行太空探索。以下是你所在班級(jí)討論的情況。請(qǐng)你給該報(bào)寫封信，反映討論結(jié)果，并提出自己的看法。40%的同學(xué)反對(duì)：1.浪費(fèi)金錢，這些錢原本可以解決地球上的饑餓、貧困等問題；2.可能會(huì)污染太空里的環(huán)境。60%同學(xué)贊成：1.能更好地應(yīng)對(duì)自然災(zāi)害；2.可進(jìn)行地球上無法進(jìn)行的科學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)。注意：1.詞數(shù)100詞左右；2.可根據(jù)內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫；3.開頭已為你擬好，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。參考詞匯：貧困povertyDearEditor,Recentlyourclasshavehadaheateddiscussionaboutwhetheritisworthwhileformankindtoexplorethespace.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua第二節(jié)(滿分25分)47.閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。ThechainofkindnessTherainwascomingdownsohardthateachdropseemedtoexplodeasithittheroofofthecar.Tomlookedoutintothecoal-blacknight,strugglingdesperatelytokeephiscarontheroad.TherainbeatdowncontinuouslyandtheroadwasdesertedexceptforTomandhiscar.Tomcouldseehiswheelchairinthebackseatfromtherear-viewmirrorandquicklylookeddownathisthin,brokenlegs.Hecouldfeelafamiliarwaveofdespairstarttowashoverhim.Suddenly,aloudnoiseshookhimoutofhismomentofhopelessnessasthecarbegantobumpdowntheroad.“Great,”hethought,“aflattyre.”Withaheavysigh,Tombroughtthecartoastop,restinghisheadonthesteeringwheel,defeated!Afterafewseconds,helookedupandpeeredoutofthewindow.Inthedistance,hecouldseealighttwinklingintheblackness.WhenTomapproachedthehouse,ayounggirlaroundtenyearsoldwasstandinginthedoorway.Hepulledupandrolleddownthewindow.“Areyourparentsathome?”heshoutedoverthewindandrain.“IhaveaflattyreandIneedhelp.”“Waitaminute,”thegirlrepliedandwentintothehouse.Afewminuteslater,shereturnedwithanoldman.Thegirlheldhisarmandsmiledlovinglyupathim.Tomexplainedtheproblemtotheoldmanandadded,“Ineedhelpbecausemylegsareparalyzed.”Thewordscameoutflat.Buthedidnotknowhowelsehecouldconveythefactthatheneededhelpfromthisweakoldmaninthemiddleoftherainstorm.Theoldmansimplynodded.Theoldmanandthelittlegirlconcentratedontheirworkandtherainwassoakingthem.Onceagain,Tomcouldn’thelpbutfeelhewasuseless.Soontheoldmansteppedtothewindow.“You’reallset,”hesaid.Tomhandedsomemoneytotheoldman,buthemadenomovetotakeit.Finally,theyounggirlsaid,“Grandfatherisblind.”注意：1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；
2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。Tomdidnotknowwhattosay.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Inspiredbythechanceencounter,Tomstartedtoseeeverythingdifferently.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
