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1、東方白鸛線粒體DNA控制區(qū)序列遺傳多樣性研究3、NJ樹、Network圖都提示中國種群和日本種群間還未形成顯著的遺傳分化,在歷史上兩個種群間就可能存在基因交流。4、中國種群的北方繁殖群體和南方繁殖群體之間沒有顯著的遺傳分化,并且在南方繁殖群體,北方繁殖群體和籠養(yǎng)繁殖群體之間存在共享單倍型。5、合肥野生動物園籠養(yǎng)群體的28個個體中共檢測出11種單倍型,其單倍型多樣性(h)和核苷酸多樣性(π)分別為:0.8598±0.0419和0.01035±0.0058。但在籠養(yǎng)繁殖群體中的單倍型分布存在著嚴重的不均衡,繁殖個體的單倍型主要集中在H11,H26,H34。6、基于以上結(jié)果,我們提出以
2、下保護建議:1)籠養(yǎng)繁殖群體由于存在單倍型分布的不均衡,建議加強東方白鸛的科學管理,提升除各單倍型的奠基者作用,同時從其它動物園進行引種,以最大限度地保護籠養(yǎng)種群的遺傳多樣性。2)南方繁殖群體與北方繁殖群體、合肥野生動物園的籠養(yǎng)繁殖群體之間存在共享單倍型,還未形成顯著的遺傳分化,因而在清楚東方白鸛遺傳背景的情況下,有計劃地再引入北方繁殖群體的個體(包括籠養(yǎng)個體)將有利于東方白鸛南方繁殖群體的壯大。合肥野生動物園的籠養(yǎng)東方白鸛群體很可能是適合放歸的理想候選群體之一。關鍵詞:遺傳多樣性;線粒體DNA;控制區(qū)(D-Loop);籠養(yǎng)種群繁殖管理;東方白鸛II摘要Geneticsdiver
3、sityofmtDNAcontrolregionoforientalwhitestork(Ciconiaboyciana)AbstractTheorientalwhitestorkCiconiaboycianaisathreatenedspeciesinIUCNredlist,whichwasawidelydistributedwaterbirdnativetoseveralcountriesinEastAsiainhistory.Inthepastthreedecades,duetothehabitatloss,fragmentationandhumanactivities,t
4、hepopulationappearedtobedecliningwithawithdrawingspeciesrange.Therecentwildpopulationhasbeenestimatedatabout3,000individualsandthecaptivepopulationabout500individuals.TheirbreedingrangeisconsideredtobelimitedtonorthernChinaandsoutheasternRussia,withmainwinteringareasinthewetlandofmiddleandlow
5、erYangtzeRiverfloodplain.Recently,however,someindividualswereobservedbreedingattheirwinteringareasoratstay-oversitesintheirflyway,includingWangjiangofAnhuiProvince,GaoyouandDafengofJiangsuProvince,YellowRiverDeltaofShandongProvince.TheyareforminganewsmallbreedingcolonyinChina,whichattractingm
6、anypublicattentions.WeanalyzedthegeneticstructureandgeneticstatusoforientalwhitestorkinChinausingtheD-loopgeneofmitochondrialDNA,toinvestigatethegeneflowbetweentheJapanesepopulationandChinesepopulation;thephylogeneticrelationshipamongthenorthernbreedingcolony(NC)andsouthernbreedingcolony(SC)o
7、fChinesepopulation.Furthermore,weanalyzedthegeneticstructureandgeneticstatusoforientalwhitestorkcaptivecolonyinHefeiWildlifePark.Basedontheanalysisof463bpmtDNAD-Loopregion,weinvestigatedthegeneticstructureandgeneticdiversityof68wildorientalwh