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1、從結(jié)構(gòu)主義到轉(zhuǎn)換生成語法第l9卷第4期2004年l2月成都信息工程學(xué)院JOURNALOFCHENGDUUNIVERSITYOFINFORMATIONTECHNOLtXJYV01.19No.4Dec.2004文章編號(hào):1671.1742(2004)04—0604—04FromstructuralismtoTGgrammarLIJing—nan(Dept.ofForeignLanguages.CUlT.Chengdu610041.China)Abstract:Thetwomostinfluentialtheoriesinthemode
2、rnlinguistics—Americanstruc—turaldescriptivelinguisticsandChomsky'sTGgrammararesurveyed.AlthoughtheTGtheorydrasticallyopposesthelinguisticphilosophyoftheAmericanstructuralistdescrip—tivelinguisticsitstillbearsthephilosophicaltraitsofthestructuralismwhenexaminedfromthe
3、pointofviewofthephilosophicalmethodology.Keywords:structuralism;TGgrammar;ChomskyCLChumbet:H314Documentcode:A1IntroductionThestudyoflanguagecanbetracedbacktothousandsofyearsago.However,itwasintheearly19century,whenthehistoricallinguisticswasfounded,thatthestudyoflangu
4、agebecameindependentfromphilosophyandliter—ature.Languageisstudiedinamoreobjectiveandmorescientificway.ThepublicationofF.D.Saussure'sACourseofGeneralLinguisticsin1916markedthebirthofmodernlinguistics.Hisnotionofrelationalidentityleadstothebornofstructuralismandoneofth
5、emostinfluentialstructuralistschoolsinthelastcentun—一Americanstructuralistdescriptivelinguistics.In1957,ChomskybroughtanotherrevolutiontolinguisticswithhissyntacticTheory.BothdescriptivestructuralismandChomsky'sTGgrammarbringmassiveinfluencenotonlytolinguistictheories
6、afterthembutalsotopsychology,education,andphilosophyaswel1.Thepapersurveysthetwomostinflu—entialtheoriesandattemptstofindouttherelationbetweenthem.2AmericanStructuralDescriptiveLinguisticsIntheearlyyearsofthetwentiethcentury,therewasanurgentneedtorecordanddescribethee
7、xoticAmericanIndianlanguageswhichdifferradicallyfromEuropeanlanguages.Basedonhisexperienceofrecording,comparing,andsynthesizing,FranzBoasimplementedtheanthropologicalwayofstudyanddevelopedhisowndescriptiveap—proach.Incontrasttothetraditionalgrammar,thestructuralapproa
8、chisbasedontheassumptionthatgrammaticalcate—goriesshouldbedefinednotintermsofmeaningbutintermsofdistributionandthatthestruct
