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1、Delayedcommutationinquantumcomputernetworks.JuanCarlosGarc′ia-Escart′in?andPedroChamorro-PosadaDepartamentodeTeor′iadelaSe?nalyComunicacioneseIngenier′iaTelem′atica.UniversidaddeValladolid.Spain.(Dated:February1,2008)Inthesamewaythatclassicalcomputerne
2、tworksconnectandenhancethecapabilitiesofclassicalcomputers,quantumnetworkscancombinetheadvantagesofquantuminformationandcommuni-cations.Weproposeanon-classicalnetworkelement,adelayedcommutationswitch,thatcansolvetheproblemofswitchingtimeinpacketswitchi
3、ngnetworks.Withthehelpofsomelocalancillaryqubitsandsuperdensecodeswecanroutetheinformationafterpartofithasleftthenetworknode.I.INTRODUCTIONQuantuminformationo?ersnewpossibilitiesinthe?eldsofcommunicationandcomputation[1].Therearequantumalgorithmscapabl
4、eofperformingcertaintaskswithane?ciencythatnoknownclassicalalgorithmcanmatch.ExamplesareShor’salgorithmforpolynomialtimefactorization[2],Grover’salgorithmforunstructureddatabasesearch[3],andtheDeutsch-Jozsaalgorithm,thatgivesinformationonglobalproperti
5、esofafunctionwithoutanexplicitevaluationofallthepossiblevalues[4,5].Quantuminformationtheoryextendsclassicalinformationtheory[6]andincludesanaloguestoclassicalHu?mancodes[7],anderrorcorrectioncodes[8,9,10].Applicationstoquantumcommunicationareespeciall
6、yinteresting.Quantumcryptographyproposals[11]giveschemesforsecuredatatransmission,andsuperdensecoding[12]allowstosendmorethanoneclassicalbitpertransmittedqubit.Thedevelopmentofopticalcommunicationnetworksandtheadvancedstateofthecurrentphotonictechnolog
7、yhavepermittedtheexperimentalrealizationofcryptography[13],transmissionofinformationinsuperdensecodes[14],andtheteleportationofqubits[15].Ontheotherhand,classicalcomputernetworkshavewitnessedanimpressiveprogressinthelastdecades.Theadventofmultimediadat
8、aapplicationsandtheincreaseduseoftheInternet,telephoneandothernetworkserviceshavebroughtanincreasingbandwidthdemand.Theneedforfastertransmissionrateshasledtotheprogressiveimplantationofopticalnetworks.Optical?bretechnologyisnowusedinthe
