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1、ReviewofintestinalhelminthsAscarislumbricoides(roundworm)似蚓蛔線蟲(chóng)（蛔蟲(chóng)）Trichuristrichiura(whipworm)毛首鞭形線蟲(chóng)（鞭蟲(chóng)）Enterobiusvermicularis(pinworm)蠕形住腸線蟲(chóng)（蟯蟲(chóng)）AncylostomaduodenaleNecatoramericanus(hookworms)鉤蟲(chóng)Trichinellaspiralis旋毛形線蟲(chóng)Tissue-blooddwellingnematodes--Filaria絲蟲(chóng)Wu
2、chereriabancrofti班氏吳策線蟲(chóng)Onchocercavolvulus旋盤(pán)尾絲蟲(chóng)ThehistoryofTrichinellaspiralisInyear1835，YoungJimPaget,afirstyearmedicalstudentatLondonHospitalMedicalSchool,rushedintotheautopsyroom.The51yr-oldItalianbricklayerwhohaddiedoftuberculosis,andthattheywerenowdissectin
3、g,alsohad"sandydiaphragm,"aconditionthatdulledeventhesharpestofscalpels.Well,anyway,whentheyhadallclearedtheroom,Jimquietlystolebackinandremovedasmallbitofmuscletissuefromthediaphragm.Hewasmorethancuriousastothenatureof"sandydiaphragm".Hefirstexamineditwithhist
4、rustyhandlenshecarriedforjustsuchasituation.Hethoughthesawsmallwormscoiledupinsideeachnodule.Uponevenhighermagnification,thepresenceofcoiledwormswasrevealed.(Fromwww.trichinella.org)TrichinellaspiralisJimPagetWormsinthe“sandydiaphragm”TrichinellaspiralisTrichin
5、awormswereobservedinporkin1846byJosephLeidy.Hesavedhundredsoflivesbyrecommendingcookingporkatahighenoughtemperaturetokilltheorganism.Lifecycleworkoutin1850’sByRudolphVirchow.TrichinellacontrolRudolfVirchow(Germany)suggestedmandatorydiagnosisofallmeatattheslaugh
6、terhousesin1877?ThishasgreatlyreducedtrichinellosisashumanhealthProblem.WorldwideDistributionParasiticzoonosisFoodborneparasitosisTrichinellaspiralis-cause旋毛蟲(chóng)病trichinosis,trichiniasis,ortrichinelliasisDistributionofTrichinellaspiralisTrichinosisismostcommoninte
7、mperateandarcticclimates-highprevalenceinpork-eatingareasoftheworld.arctictemperateAdultsofTrichinellaspiralisAdults:small,1.5~4mmLarva:femalesgivebirthtolarva(Eggs:hatchinuterus子宮)stichosomeHatchedLarva桿狀體成蟲(chóng)形態(tài)在診斷上無(wú)意義！特點(diǎn)：直接產(chǎn)幼蟲(chóng)Encystedlarva幼蟲(chóng)囊包--infectivestage0.
8、25~0.5mm×0.21~0.42mmLemonshape1~2larvainthecystLifecycleAdultfemaleinmucosaofsmallintestineTrichinacystsinskeletalmuscle骨骼肌Pathogenisis3stages：1.Invasion–1weekfirstsymptomsa
