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1、第5O卷第3期林業(yè)科學V01．50．No．32014年3月SCIENTIASILVAESINICAEMar．，2014北美云杉針葉表皮結(jié)構(gòu)的差異分析李智許荔林夢楊萌賈桂霞(北京林業(yè)大學園林學院國家花卉工程中心北京100083)關(guān)鍵詞：北美云杉；藍色針葉；表皮結(jié)構(gòu)；蠟質(zhì)中圖分類號：$718．47文獻標識碼：A文章編號：1001—7488(2014)O3—0134—05AnalysisofVariationinEpidermalStructureofPiceapungensNeedlesLiZhiXaLiLinMengYangMengJiaGuixia(NationalEngine
2、eringResearchCenterfo，F(xiàn)loricultureCollegeofLandscapeArchitecture，BeijingForestryUniversityBeijing100083)Abstract：Piceapungenshashighornamentalvaluebecauseofitsrareblue-greenneedles．ThiSpapercomparedcolorsofneedlesfrom1-year-oldseedlings，4-year-oldseedlings，35一year—oldplantsofthespeciesand12一
3、year—oldplantsofP．pungens‘GlaucaGlobosa’．Theresultshowedthatneedlesof1-year—oldseedlingsexhibitedalmostgreen，needlesofnewbranchesofsome4-year-oldseedlingexhibitedblue，whileneedlesof35一year—oldplantswithblueneedlesandthe‘GlaucaGlobosa’plants，exhibitedalmostallblue．Observationviaadissectingmic
4、roscopefoundthatontheepidermisofblueneedlestherewasalayerofsubstance，whichcouldbedissolvedintoorganicsolventsorberemovedthroughphysicalfriction．Theneedlesbecamegreenafterthelayerofsubstancewasremoved．Throughobservationviascanningelectronmicroscope，itwasfoundoutthattheepidermisofblueneedleswa
5、scoveredwithaquantityofrod—likesubstancesarrangedintenselyandirregularly，withathicknessfrom1．30765Izmto5．01494txm，whiletherewaslittleornonethesubstanceinthegreenneedles．AnalysiswithGC—MSshowedthatthesubstancesweremainlyalkanes，aliphaticcompoundsandcycliccompounds，whichgeneratedwaxcrystalsont
6、heepidermisofneedles．ThispaperlaidthefoundationforanalysisofP．pungens’blue—colorneedles．Keywords：Piceapungens；blueneedles；epidermalstructure；waxcrystals北美云杉(Piceapungens)為松科(Pinaceae)云種或品種針葉呈現(xiàn)藍色，造成這種藍色的原因至今杉屬(Picea)常綠喬木，株高可達30m左右，樹冠呈沒有系統(tǒng)的報道。因此，為分析北美云杉針葉呈現(xiàn)圓錐形，葉色呈淡湖藍色，針葉長約2～3am；雌雄藍色的原因，利用英國皇家園
7、藝協(xié)會比色卡，測定北同株，球果長卵形，成熟時黃褐色至褐色。原產(chǎn)北美美云杉不同株齡實生苗以及北美云杉品種‘Glauca落基山中部的猶他州和科羅拉多州，在亞利桑那州Globosa’(P．pungens‘GlaucaGlobosa’)的針葉顏色，和新墨西哥州也有分布，緯度跨越34。一45。N(李愛并通過光學解剖鏡對藍色針葉和綠色針葉的形態(tài)進平等，2006)。因其淡湖藍色的葉片極具觀賞價值，行了觀測和比較。結(jié)果顯示，針葉表面的覆蓋物直接國內(nèi)作為彩葉樹種進行了引種，目前國內(nèi)僅對北美造成葉片呈現(xiàn)藍色。因
