浙江省紹興市上虞區(qū)2022-2023學年高二上學期期末教學質(zhì)量調(diào)測英語Word版含解析

《浙江省紹興市上虞區(qū)2022-2023學年高二上學期期末教學質(zhì)量調(diào)測英語Word版含解析》由會員上傳分享，免費在線閱讀，更多相關內(nèi)容在教育資源-天天文庫。

2022學年高二第一學期期末教學質(zhì)量調(diào)測英語試題本試卷分第Ⅰ卷(選擇題)和第Ⅱ卷(非選擇題)。第Ⅰ卷1至9頁，第Ⅱ卷10頁至11頁。滿分150分，考試用時120分鐘。請考生按規(guī)定用筆將所有試題的答案涂、寫在答題紙上。第Ⅰ卷注意事項：1．答第Ⅰ卷前，考生務必將自己的姓名、準考證號填寫在答題卡上。2．選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號。不能答在本試卷上，否則無效。第一部分：聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】Whatwillthespeakersdo?A.Getsomefood.B.Gobackhome.C.Buysomedrinks.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Nora,mymouthisdry.IforgottobringacanofCokefromhome.W:Metoo.Inoticedthere’savendingmachineattheentranceofthepark.WhataboutgoingthereandgettingsomecansofCoke?M:Goodidea!I’veneverfoundyou’resuchacarefulperson.2.【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】Whatcanwesayaboutthewoman?A.She’sforgetful.B.She’stalkative.C.She’shard-working.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Elena,whatdidyouwanttosayaminuteago?I’msorryIwastoobusyonthephonethen.

1W:Oops,Ican’tremembernow.Thissortofthingoftenhappenstome,whichtroublesmealot.M:Ifitreallyaffectsyourlife,you’dbettertakeanotebookwithyou.3.【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】Whendidthemantakehissuitstothelaundry?A.Monday.B.Friday.C.Saturday.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Iwon’thaveanythingtoweartoworkonMonday.Itookallmysuitstothedrycleaner’sonFriday.W:Goandpickthemup.Theshopclosesearlyonweekends.M:Oh,yes.I’llpickthemupfirstthingtomorrow.I’mafraidI’mnotavailabletoday.4.【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Atahotel.B.Atatrainstation.C.Atanairport.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Excuseme,madam.WouldyoutellmehowtogettoGate23?Myflightwilltakeoffinhalfanhour,butIcan’tfindasign.W:Oh,youshouldwalkupstairs.Gates15to27areonthesecondfloor.M:Thankyouverymuch.ThisterminalisreallydifferentfromothersthatI’vebeento.5.【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】Whatwasthewoman’sbrother’sadvice?A.Workingfromhome.B.Learningprogramming.C.Payingofftheloan.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:IfeelsogladthatIfollowedmybrother’sadvicetolearnprogramming.Otherwise,Iwouldn’thaveachancetoworkfromhomeandIwouldhavedifficultyinrepayingthebankloan.M:IdohopetheCOVID-19willcometoanendassoonaspossible.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。

2聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P音頻，請去附件查看】6.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Avideo.B.Apieceofmusic.C.Acompany.7.HowdoesthewomanfeelaboutVictory?A.It’sencouraging.B.It’sboring.C.It’sunknown.【答案】6.B7.A【解析】【原文】W:Luke,haveyoueverheardthemusicVictorymadebythecompanyTwoStepsfromHell?M:Ofcourse.Ithasgotsopopularthatpeopleuseitwidelyinshortvideos.W:Yes.M:Totellyouthetruth,it’soneofmyfavoritepieces.WhenIfeelsleepy,I’lllistentoit.Itcanmakemefeelrefreshed.W:Metoo.I’vecollecteddozensofpiecesthataresimilartoVictory.Theycanhelpmesaveabout20yuaneveryday.M:Whydoyousayso?W:Well,ifIdon’tlistentothiskindofmusic,I’llhavetospendthatamountofmoneyoncoffeeeachdaytokeepmeenergetic.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P音頻，請去附件查看】8.WhathasthecityofWenzhoumanagedtodorecently?A.Attractinvestment.B.Becomeaneco-friendlycity.C.Foundahydro-electricpowerplant.9.Whatdoesthemansuggestdoingintheend?A.Stoppingusinggas.BBuildingwindpowerplants.C.Raisingawarenessaboutresources.【答案】8A9.C【解析】

3【原文】W:Oliver,youknowwhat?Wenzhouhasattractedtwelvenewenergyprojectswhichareworth125.8billionyuaninrecentyears.M:I’venoticedithastakenactiontobecomeagreencity.Ithasagoalofbecomingaleaderintheinnovativedevelopmentofthenewenergyindustry.Whatdothenewenergyprojectsincludeexactly?W:There’sacarbonneutralheadquartersfacilityforwindpower.Itaimstogeneratepowerindeepwaters.M:Fantastic!Wedoneedtoturntogreenenergy.Non-renewableresources,suchasoil,naturalgasandcoal,arebecominglessandlessonourearth.W:Yes.Weshouldnotonlysaveenergy,butalsousealternativeenergy,likethesolarenergyandwindenergy.M:Youcansaythatagain.Butsomepeoplehaven’tbeenawarethattheresourceswecommonlyusewillbeuseduponeday.Weshoulddosomething.Howaboutmakingsomeposterstoremindpeople?W:Goodidea.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P音頻，請去附件查看】10.WheredoesWuMingcomefrom?A.China.B.Germany.C.America.11.WhydidWuMingdecidetostudyChinesemedicine?A.TolearnChineseculture.B.TomakeupforWesternmedicine.C.Tofollowinhisparents’footsteps.12.WhatdidWuMingfindmostdifficulttogetusedto?A.Thelanguage.B.Theweather.C.Thelivinghabit.【答案】10.B11.B12.A【解析】【原文】W:Henry,comeandsee.Ibetyou’lllikethisstory.M:What’sitabout,Charlotte?W:It’saboutayoungGermanlearningtraditionalChinesemedicine.M:Really?Whereishestudying?W:AtHenanUniversityofChineseMedicine.M:What’shisname?W:WuMingaChinesename.M:Ha-ha.ImustsayIknowthatguy.He’smyelderbrother.

4W:Areyouserious?You’venevermentionedhimbefore.WhydoesyourbrothershowinterestinChinesemedicine?M:Youknow,bothofmyparentsareworkinginthehospitalintheU.S.Mybrotherthoughtsomediseasescan’tbetreatedthoroughlywithWesternmedicinealone,sohedecidedtodigintoChinesemedicine.W:Didhehaveanydifficultyinlearning?M:Yes.Atfirst,hecouldn’tstandtheweather.It’sdifferentfromthatinourcountry.Butthebiggestwasthathisteachers,schoolmates,andevensomepatientsspeakwiththeHenandialectinthedailyconversations.Butnowhecancommunicatewiththemeasily.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】13.Whatisthewoman?A.Acleaner.B.Aticketseller.C.Areceptionist.14.Whobookedaroomfortwonights?A.CharlesJames.B.CharlesNielsen.C.CharlesNielsenJr.15.Whydoesn’tthemanthinkhecanfindaroomtonight?A.There’snoroomavailable.B.Thecomputersystemdoesn’twork.C.Allhotelsonlyacceptonlinebookings.16.Whatdoesthemandoattheendoftheconversation?A.Stayfortwonights.B.Takethedoubleroom.C.Getadiscountthistime.【答案】13.C14.C15.A16.B【解析】【原文】W:Goodmorning,sir.HowmayIhelpyou?M:Yes.I’mcheckingin.MynameisCharlesNielsen.W:Okay,letmehavealook.Oh,hereitis.You’vebookedasingleroomfortwonights,right?M:Oh,Ibookedaroomonlineonlyfortonight.W:Hmm…I’dbetterhavealookatthecomputer.Ah,theroomfortwonightswasbookedunderthenameofCharlesNielsenJr.AndaroomforonenightunderCharlesJames.I’msorry.ButIcan’tfindyourbooking,Mr.Nielsen.

5M:Theremustbesomethingwrong.Pleasehaveacheckagain.W:Okay.Sir,I’mstillsorry.M:Thendoyouhaveanyroomsavailabletonight?W:I’mafraidnot.Sincethere’saconcertatthenearbystadiumtonight,alltheroomshavealreadybeenbooked.M:Well,Ibettheotherhotelsintownhavenoroomsavailableeither.W:Pleasewaitawhile.Sir,youaresuchaluckyguy.Amancanceledhisbookingaminuteago.Now,adoubleroomisavailable.Wouldyouliketotakeit?M:CanIgetsomediscounts?W:I’msorry.Wedon’tofferanydiscountstoday.ButIpromiseyou’llgeta25%discountnexttime.M:Okay,hereismyIDcard.聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P音頻，請去附件查看】17.Whatisthespeakerdoing?A.Givingalesson.B.Makingaspeech.C.Hostingamusicprogram.18.HowoldwasBeethovenwhenhepublishedhisfirstwork?A.30yearsold.B.21yearsold.C.13yearsold.19.WhendidthemusicpieceSymphonyNo.5comeout?A.In1804.B.In1808.C.In1814.20.WhatisFidelio?A.Aband.B.Abook.C.Amusicalplay.【答案】17.A18.C19.B20.C【解析】【原文】Goodmorning,everyone!LastFriday,wetalkedaboutMozartandFranzSchubert.Intoday’sclass,we’lllearnaboutthegreatGermanmusicianBeethoven.BeethovenwasborninBonnin1770.HewasinitiallytaughtbyhisfatherandlaterbythecomposerandconductorChristianGottlobNeefe.AndunderChristian’sguidance,hepublishedhisfirstwork,asetofpianovariationsin1783.Attheageof21,BeethovenmovedtoVienna,whichlaterlaidthegroundworkforhiscareer.Hethengainedareputationasaskilledpianist.Hisfirstmajororchestralwork,SymphonyNo.1,wasfirstplayedinpublicin1800.Unluckily,hewasgraduallylosinghishearing.Beethovenhadtousenotebookstocarryoutconversations.ButhecontinuedtoconductandfinishedhisSymphonyNo.3andSymphonyNo.5in1804and1808,respectively.

6Hewasalmostcompletelydeafby1814,andthenhegaveupperformingandappearinginpublic.AlthoughBeethovenwaslesssociallyinvolved,hecomposedmanyofhismostadmiredworks.Hisonlyopera,Fidelio,firstperformedin1805,wasrevisedtoitsfinalversionin1814.Afteralongillness,hediedin1827.Beethoven’sworkscountalotinclassicalmusicnow.第二部分：閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15個小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。AHongKonghasamongtheworld’sfinestdiningforvariousstylesoffood.Belowarefourmostwell-receivedrestaurantsamongtourists.LungKingHeenItisoneofonlytwoCantoneserestaurantsinthecitythatarerated3stars.Theservice,foodanddiningatmosphereisamongthebestintheworld.YoumightreserveaVictoriaHarborviewthataffordsaseatat8pmfortheSymphonyofLights.Priceperperson:1,200to2,000HKDLunch:MondaytoFridaynoonto2:30p.m.,Saturday,Sunday,publicholiday11:30a.m.—2:30p.m.Dinner:6p.m.—10p.m.Address:4/FFourSeasons,8FinanceStreetBoInnovationBoInnovationissurprisingbecausethefoodisn’ttraditionalChinese,butitisrated3-Michelinstarshighlyforthecreativityaswellasforthedelicious,sometimesnovelflavors.Priceperperson:above800HKDHours:Mon—Thunoon—3p.m.,6:30p.m.—midnight;Frinoon—3p.m.,6p.m.—midnight;Sat6p.m.—midnight,SunclosedAddress:Shop8,1/F,ThePodium,JResidence,60JohnstonRoad,WanChaiHarvestRestaurantHarvestRestauranthasapublicbeachfrontalltoitselfattheregion’snewestthemeparkcalledNoah’sArk.Itisaspecialtreatforchildrenandtourists.You’llfindanexcellentselectionofgoodqualityfood,excellent

7buffet,goodviews,andarelativelylowdinnerprice.Averagepriceperperson:MondaytoThursdayHKD380andFridaytoSundayHKD430.vHours:8:00a.m.—9:30p.m.Address:33PakYanRoad,MaWanIslandCapriceFrenchRestaurantCapricestandsoutforanexcellentwindow-sideview,elegantsetting,andthebestqualityfood,wheretouristscanappreciatethecharmingsceneryofVictoriaHarbor.Averagepriceperperson:HKD823Hours:12p.m.—2:30p.m.(forlunch)and6p.m.—10:30p.m.(fordinner,andclosingtimeforlastorder)Address:Floor6,FourSeasonsHotel,8FinancialStreet21.InwhichrestaurantscantouristsadmiretheviewofVictoriaHarbor?A.BoInnovationandHarvestRestaurant.B.LungKingHeenandHarvestRestaurant.C.LungKingHeenandCapriceFrenchRestaurant.D.CapriceFrenchRestaurantandHarvestRestaurant.22Whatdothefourrestaurantshaveincommon?A.TheyallopenonSaturdays.B.Theyallhavereceived3stars.C.Theyarelocatedinthesamestreets.D.Theyallchargeabove400HKDperperson.23.Whereisthepassageprobablyfrom?A.Anencyclopedia.B.Atravelbrochure.C.Aresearchreport.D.Ahealthwebsite.【答案】21.C22.A23.B【解析】【導語】這是一篇應用文。文章主要介紹香港四家最受歡迎的餐廳的情況?！?1題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)LungKingHeen部分中“YoumightreserveaVictoriaHarborviewthataffordsaseatat8pmfortheSymphonyofLights.(你可以預定一個能看到維多利亞港的座位，晚上8點看《幻彩詠香江》)”以及CapriceFrenchRestaurant部分中“Capricestandsoutforanexcellentwindow-sideview,elegantsetting,andthebestqualityfood,wheretouristscanappreciatethecharmingsceneryofVictoriaHarbor.(

8在這里，游客可以欣賞到維多利亞港迷人的景色，風景優(yōu)美，環(huán)境優(yōu)雅，食物最優(yōu)質(zhì))”可知，游客可以在LungKingHeen和CapriceFrenchRestaurant欣賞維多利亞港的景色。故選C?！?2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一部分“Lunch:MondaytoFridaynoonto2:30p.m.,Saturday,Sunday,publicholiday11:30a.m.—2:30p.m.(午餐：星期一至五中午至下午二時三十分，星期六、日及公眾假期上午11:30至下午二時三十分)”；第二部分“Hours:Mon—Thunoon—3p.m.,6:30p.m.—midnight;Frinoon—3p.m.,6p.m.—midnight;Sat6p.m.—midnight,Sunclosed(營業(yè)時間：星期一至四中午至下午3時，下午6時30分至午夜；星期五中午到下午3點，下午6點到午夜；星期六下午6點到午夜，日出關門)”；第三部分“Hours:8:00a.m.—9:30p.m.(工作時間：上午8時至晚上9時30分)”以及最后一部分“Hours:12p.m.—2:30p.m.(forlunch)and6p.m.—10:30p.m.(fordinner,andclosingtimeforlastorder)(營業(yè)時間：下午12點至下午2:30（午餐），下午6點至晚上10:30（晚餐，最后點餐結(jié)束時間）)”可知，這四家餐廳的共同之處是都在星期六開門。故選A?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“HongKonghasamongtheworld’sfinestdiningforvariousstylesoffood.Belowarefourmostwell-receivedrestaurantsamongtourists.(香港擁有世界上最好的餐廳，各種風格的食物。以下是四家最受游客歡迎的餐廳)”可知，文章主要介紹香港四家最受歡迎的餐廳的情況。由此推知，文章可能選自一本旅行冊。故選B。BAstheChinesesayinggoes,aseedcanchangetheworld;avarietycanbenefitanation.ZhangDaorong,whohasspentthelast26yearscultivating13newvarietiesofwheatandcontributingtonationalfoodsecurityefforts,hasdoneboth.AftergraduatingfromtheHeilongjiangBayiAgriculturalUniversityinDaqing,Heilongjiangprovince,in1996,ZhanghasbeenworkingasaresearcherattheXiangyangAcademyofAgriculturalSciences,Hubeiprovince.Thoughtheworkingconditionsandincomesshereceivedatthatmomentwerenotsatisfying,sheploughedonanddevotedherselftotheresearchofwheatvarieties.Agriculturalresearchworkwashardandcomplicated.Firstsheledhercolleaguestosuitableparentaltypesforaspecificcultivationpurpose.Then,theteamtriedahybridcombination.Afterseveralgenerationsoftrialandselection,andwhencharacteristicsremainedsteady,theybeganatwo-yearprocessofyieldtestinganddiseaseidentification.Afterseveralmoreroundsoftests,anapplicationforevaluationandapprovalwasmadetoprovincialornationalauthoritiesformarketproduction.ThewheatvarietiesdevelopedbyZhangandhercolleagueshavebeengrownon2millionhectaresof

9farmlandandhavegeneratednetprofitsofover100millionyuan.Oneofthemproduceslargeseedheadsandishighlyresistanttostriperust;anotherishighlyresistanttopre-harvestsprouting,whichresultsinadecreaseofthegrainyield.Today,the50-year-old,knownasthe“motherofwheat”,stillworksontheland.Sheconsidersitherresponsibilitytoworkhardandcontributetofoodsafety,especiallywhenthedomesticandglobaleconomystillfaceheadwindsfromtheCOVID-19pandemic.“Agriculturalresearchworkishardandcomplicated.Allwecandoisthinkmore,discussmore,askmorequestionsandfindanswersontheland.”shesaid.24.WhatcanwelearnaboutZhangDaorong?A.Herworkisimportantanddemanding.B.ShegothighlypaidwhensheworkedinHubei.C.Sheretiredafterbeingtitled“motherofwheat”.D.Herwheatvarietieshavehighproductionbutlowdiseaseresistance.25.Whatisthethirdparagraphmainlyabout?A.WhatdifficultyZhangmetintheresearch.B.HowZhangandherteamdidagriculturalresearch.C.WhatcontributionsZhangmadetoChineseagriculture.D.WhyZhangandherteamdevelopedahybridwheattype.26.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeZhangDaorong?A.Generousandcaring.B.Determinedandhonest.C.Responsibleanddevoted.D.Modestandknowledgeable.27.What’sthewritingpurposeofthepassage?A.Tointroduceagreatscientist.B.Toadvertisesomehigh-profitwheatvarieties.C.Tostatetheimportanceofagriculturalresearch.D.Toencourageyoungpeopletoworkonagriculture.【答案】24.A25.B26.C27.A【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了科學家張道榮的個人經(jīng)歷、工作特點以及取得的成就?！?4題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Agriculturalresearchworkwashardandcomplicated.(農(nóng)業(yè)研究工作既艱苦又復雜)”以及最后一段“Sheconsidersitherresponsibilitytoworkhardandcontributetofoodsafety,especially

10whenthedomesticandglobaleconomystillfaceheadwindsfromtheCOVID-19pandemic.(她認為自己有責任努力工作，為食品安全做出貢獻，尤其是在國內(nèi)和全球經(jīng)濟仍面臨新冠疫情的不利影響的情況下)”可知，張道榮的工作很重要，要求也很高。故選A。【25題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“Agriculturalresearchworkwashardandcomplicated.Firstsheledhercolleaguestosuitableparentaltypesforaspecificcultivationpurpose.Then,theteamtriedahybridcombination.Afterseveralgenerationsoftrialandselection,andwhencharacteristicsremainedsteady,theybeganatwo-yearprocessofyieldtestinganddiseaseidentification.Afterseveralmoreroundsoftests,anapplicationforevaluationandapprovalwasmadetoprovincialornationalauthoritiesformarketproduction.(農(nóng)業(yè)研究工作既艱苦又復雜。首先，她帶領她的同事找到了適合特定培養(yǎng)目的的親本型。然后，該團隊嘗試了一種混合組合。經(jīng)過幾代的試驗和選擇，當特征保持穩(wěn)定時，他們開始了為期兩年的產(chǎn)量測試和疾病鑒定過程。經(jīng)過幾輪測試后，向省級或國家主管部門提出了評估和批準的申請，以便投入市場生產(chǎn))”可知，第三段的主要內(nèi)容是張道榮和她的團隊是如何進行農(nóng)業(yè)研究的。故選B?！?6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“ZhangDaorong,whohasspentthelast26yearscultivating13newvarietiesofwheatandcontributingtonationalfoodsecurityefforts,hasdoneboth.(張道榮在過去的26年里培育了13種小麥新品種，為國家糧食安全做出了貢獻)”，第二段“Thoughtheworkingconditionsandincomesshereceivedatthatmomentwerenotsatisfying,sheploughedonanddevotedherselftotheresearchofwheatvarieties.(雖然當時的工作條件和收入并不令人滿意，但她堅持不懈，致力于小麥品種的研究)”以及最后一段“Sheconsidersitherresponsibilitytoworkhardandcontributetofoodsafety,especiallywhenthedomesticandglobaleconomystillfaceheadwindsfromtheCOVID-19pandemic.(她認為自己有責任努力工作，為食品安全做出貢獻，尤其是在國內(nèi)和全球經(jīng)濟仍面臨新冠疫情的不利影響的情況下)”可推知，張道榮有責任心和奉獻精神。故選C?！?7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“ZhangDaorong,whohasspentthelast26yearscultivating13newvarietiesofwheatandcontributingtonationalfoodsecurityefforts,hasdoneboth.(張道榮在過去的26年里培育了13種小麥新品種，為國家糧食安全做出了貢獻)”結(jié)合文章主要介紹了科學家張道榮的個人經(jīng)歷、工作特點以及取得的成就?？赏浦?，文章的寫作目的是介紹一位偉大的科學家。故選A。COftenwhenImentionIhaveaPh.D.inphysicsandastronomy,theresponseIgetfrompeopleis“Oh,youmustbesosmart!”Ingeneral,peopletendtoassociatesciencewith“braininess”.Itisusuallythewaysocietysees

11scientistsversusnon-scientists.SciencewriterKatArneyexploredthisissueinacolumnfortheRoyalSocietyofChemistry.Asshepointsout,thisseeminglyunbreakableassociationbetweenbraininessandscienceinfluenceschildren’sviewsoftheirfuture.Thosewhodonotseethemselvesasbeingamongthecleverestinclasswillautomaticallydiscounttheideaofacareerinascientificarea,eveniftheyfindscienceinterestinganddowellinthesubject.Thisstereotype(刻板印象)affectsyounggirls.School-agedgirlsslightlyoutperformboysinmathandscience.However,mentakeupabiggeramountofpositionsatscience,fromundergraduatesciencemajorstoadministrativepositionswiththepowertohireandpromote.Inotherwords,themessageofbraininessmatchingscientificskillsisappliedmoreheavilytomenthantowomen.Theproblemisfarworsewhenthemessageisusedtogeneralizeaboutgroups,especiallyrace.Whencombinedwiththeculturalbeliefthatonlythe“brainy”areworthyofscientifictraining,itbecomesaself-reinforcing(自我強化的)cycle.YouwillhearthatAfrican-Americanunder-representationinscienceisbecausetheyarenot“smart”enough.Infact,black-majorityschoolsareoftenunderfunded.Theylackteachers,suppliesandothernecessitiesforSTEMpreparation.Tomakemattersworse,theirstudentsarefacedwithdailychallengestotheirintelligenceforthosewhodoearnSTEMdegrees.Thetruthis,noneofusarebornscientists.Weoftensay,“childrenarenaturalscientists.”Whatwereallymeanisthattheyarenaturallycuriousandwillingtoexperimentinwaysadultsaregenerallytrainedoutof.Theyhavetobetaughttochannelthatcuriosityintoproductivepathways.Andwehavetodoalotbetteratnotreinforcingthemessagethatscientistsaresmarterthannon-scientistandthatonlythegeniusescandoscience.28.Whatisacommonlyheldbeliefofscientistsaccordingtotheauthor?A.Childrenaretruescientists.B.Menarebetterscientiststhanwomen.C.Scientistsaresmarterthannon-scientists.D.African-Americansareleastlikelytobescientists.29.Howdoesthestereotypeaffectyounggirls?A.Schoolgirlscan’tperformwellinscienceandmaths.B.Younggirlsarewillingtochooseacareerinascientificarea.C.Younggirlstakeupasmallernumberofpositionsatscience.DSchoolgirlsseethemselvesasnotbeingamongthecleverestinclass.30.Apartfromthestereotype,whatmaypreventAfrican-Americansfrompursuingscience?A.Theirlowintelligence.B.Theself-reinforcingcycle.

12C.Themajorityofblackstudentsintheirschools.D.AlackofschoolresourcesforSTEMteaching.31.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardsthestereotype?A.Positive.B.Negative.C.Neutral.D.Ambiguous.【答案】28.C29.C30.D31.B【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文，文章講述了“科學家比非科學家更聰明”的刻板印象及其影響?！?8題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Ingeneral,peopletendtoassociatesciencewith‘braininess’.Itisusuallythewaysocietyseesscientistsversusnon-scientists.(一般來說，人們傾向于把科學與‘聰明’聯(lián)系在一起。這通常是社會看待科學家與非科學家的方式)”可知，人們對科學家的刻板印象是認為科學家比非科學家更聰明，故選C?！?9題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“School-agedgirlsslightlyoutperformboysinmathandscience.However,mentakeupabiggeramountofpositionsatscience,fromundergraduatesciencemajorstoadministrativepositionswiththepowertohireandpromote.(學齡女孩在數(shù)學和科學方面的表現(xiàn)略優(yōu)于男孩。然而，男性在科學領域占據(jù)了更多的職位，從本科科學專業(yè)到擁有招聘和晉升權(quán)力的行政職位)”可知，刻板印象對年輕女孩的影響是她們在科學領域占據(jù)更少的職位。故選C?！?0題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“Theylackteachers,suppliesandothernecessitiesforSTEMpreparation.(他們?nèi)狈處?、物資和其他為STEM準備的必需品)”可知，缺乏STEM教學的學校資源也是阻礙非裔美國人追求科學的一個因素，故選D?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Andwehavetodoalotbetteratnotreinforcingthemessagethatscientistsaresmarterthannon-scientistandthatonlythegeniusescandoscience.(我們必須做更多，不要強化科學家比非科學家更聰明，只有天才才能做科學這樣的信息)”可知，作者提出不要強化科學家比非科學家更聰明這種刻板印象，故他對此持否定的態(tài)度。故選B。DTheoriginalBladeRunnerfilmtookplaceinanimaginedLosAngelesof2019,afuturisticcitywhereskieswerecrowdedwith“skimmers”:flyingcarsthatzippedalongaerialhighways.Sincethefilm’s1982debut(首映),technologyhasadvancedinwaysthatHollywoodmightneverhavepredicted.Flyingcarsmayseemfuturistic—butfromcommercialjetpackstopersonalairtaxis,theyarealreadyhere.

13Here’showtheycouldtransformthewaywecommute,workandlive.WhiletheseaircraftmaynotlookexactlylikeBladeRunner’simaginings,theyarenotthatfaroff.Farsmallerthanacommercialplane,mostaredesignedwithrotors(螺旋槳)insteadofwings,whichallowforverticaltakeoffsandlandings.Mostimportantly,thesevehiclesaredesignedtoofferfastercommutesthantraditionalmodesoftransitforindividuals,especiallyintraffic-cloggedcities.Atthemoment,theautonomousurbanaircraftmarketisstillabitofaWildWest.Dozensofstart-upcompaniesarecompetingtodevelopcommercialjetpacks,flyingmotorbikesandpersonalairtaxis.Meanwhile,aviationauthoritiesarecurrentlyhashingoutthepoliciesandsafetystandardsthatwillgovernthisnewfieldoftransport.Volocopter,forinstance,hasmarketeditsVoloCitycraftasthefirstcommerciallylicensedelectricallypoweredairtaxi,avehiclewhichwilleventuallybeabletorunwithoutapilot.“It’slikeanUberBlack,”saysFabienNestmann,vicepresidentofpublicaffairsatVolocopter.Initially,theVoloCitywillonlyhaveroomforasinglepassenger.Thatwillmeanahighercostperrideatfirst.Buteventually,thecompany’sgoalistomakethecostcompetitivewith,say,anUberBlack.“Wedon’twantthistobeatoyforthewealthy,butratherpartofawell-integratedjourneyforanyoneinanurbanarea,”hesays.Increasingnumbersofflyingcarswillnaturallygiverisetoachanginglayoutinthewayourcitiesarestructuredascitiesgrowtaller,rooftoplandingsexpandandairhighwaysconnectsupersky-scrapers,freeingupspacebelow.Fewercarsonthegroundwillreducetrafficjamandmaygiverisetoparksandgreenspaces.32.WhydoestheauthormentionBladeRunnerfilminparagraph1?A.Toshowanexample.B.Toleadtothetopic.C.Toexpresshisdoubts.D.Togivebackgroundinformation.33.Whichhastheclosestmeaningtotheunderlinedpart“aWildWest”inparagraph4?A.PromisingB.StableC.ImmatureD.Overdeveloped34.Whateffectwillflyingcarsprobablybringtothecity?A.Moregreenspaces.B.Severetrafficjams.C.Advancedsky-scrapers.D.Expandedairhighways.35.What’sthebesttitleforthepassage?A.BladeRunner’sImaginingsComeTrueB.TheNumberofFlyingCarsAreIncreasingC.TheFlyingCarIsHeretoChangetheWorldD.AutonomousUrbanAircraftMarketIsBooming【答案】32.B33.C34.A35.C【解析】

14【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了飛行汽車可能對人們的生活產(chǎn)生的改變和帶來的影響?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“TheoriginalBladeRunnerfilmtookplaceinanimaginedLosAngelesof2019,afuturisticcitywhereskieswerecrowdedwith“skimmers”:flyingcarsthatzippedalongaerialhighways.Sincethefilm’s1982debut(首映),technologyhasadvancedinwaysthatHollywoodmightneverhavepredicted.(最初的《銀翼殺手》電影發(fā)生在2019年的洛杉磯，這是一個未來主義的城市，天空中擠滿了“漂浮器”：在空中高速公路上飛馳的飛行汽車。自1982年這部電影上映以來，科技的進步可能是好萊塢從未預料到的)”可推知，作者在第一段提到了《銀翼殺手》這部電影是為了引入主題——飛行汽車。故選B?！?3題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞后文“Dozensofstart-upcompaniesarecompetingtodevelopcommercialjetpacks,flyingmotorbikesandpersonalairtaxis.Meanwhile,aviationauthoritiesarecurrentlyhashingoutthepoliciesandsafetystandardsthatwillgovernthisnewfieldoftransport.(數(shù)十家初創(chuàng)公司正在競相開發(fā)商用噴氣背包、飛行摩托車和個人空中出租車。與此同時，航空當局目前正在制定政策和安全標準，以管理這一新的運輸領域)”可知，后文提到初創(chuàng)公司正在開發(fā)，相關規(guī)定正在制定，說明自動駕駛城市飛機市場還不成熟。故畫線詞意思是“不成熟的”。故選C?！?4題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Fewercarsonthegroundwillreducetrafficjamandmaygiverisetoparksandgreenspaces.(地面上更少的汽車將減少交通堵塞，并可能增加公園和綠地)”可知，飛行汽車可能會給城市帶來更多綠地。故選A?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“Flyingcarsmayseemfuturistic—butfromcommercialjetpackstopersonalairtaxis,theyarealreadyhere.Here’showtheycouldtransformthewaywecommute,workandlive.(飛行汽車可能看起來很未來，但從商用噴氣背包到個人空中出租車，它們已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)了。以下是它們?nèi)绾胃淖兾覀兺ㄇ凇⒐ぷ骱蜕畹姆绞?”結(jié)合文章主要說明了飛行汽車可能對人們的生活產(chǎn)生的改變和帶來的影響。可知，C選項“飛行汽車將改變世界”最符合文章標題。故選C。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每題2.5分，滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Readingadog’sbodylanguagerequiresexperienceandexpertguidance.ZazieTodd,adogtrainerandfounderoftheblogCompanionAnimalPsychology,thinksabouthowtounderstanddogs’behaviour.____36____

15They’reexpectingpunishmentbutdon’tnecessarilyknowtheirbehavioriswrong.AlexandraHorowitz,aprofessoratBarnardCollegewhoresearchesdogs’cognition(認知),pointsoutthe“guilty”lookislinkedtobeingscoldedbytheowner.IfyourdoglickstheirmouthThey’restressed.Recently,twoEuropeanstudieshavehighlightedthemeaningofthislicking.Onefoundthatitwasadog’sresponsetoseeinganangryoraggressivehumanfaceonacomputerscreen.____37____Ifyouspotthissign,tryreducingyourdog’sstresslevels.Itcouldbeassimpleasgivingthemmorephysicalspace.Iftherearefireworksandyourdogisshaking____38____Thisisacommonreaction,butasurprisingnumberofpeopledon’trealizethatshakingandtremblingaresignsoffear.Whereasonlyaquarterofownerssaytheirdogisafraidofloudnoises,halfreportthesebehavioralsigns.Ifyouareatthevetandyourdog’stailisdownThey’reanxious.Obvioussignsofanunhappydogincludehidingortryingtoleavetheexamroom,butcommonlymissedtriggersrangefromatuckedtailandloweredearstotrembling.____39____Manyvetsnowusefoodtomaketheexperiencemorefun.IfyourdogleansintoyouduringapettingtimeTheylikeit!Ifyou’reunsurethatadogisenjoyingbeingpetted,stop,thenwatchtheirreaction.Iftheychoosetowanderoff,thepettingtimeisover.Othersignsofdiscomfortincludesniffingthefloor,lookingawayandbreathingheavily.However,iftheyleanonyouorpawatyoutogetmorehugs,continue!____40____A.Thisbehaviormeanstheylikeit.B.Theyarefrightenedbythenoises.C.Ifyourdoggetsstressedatappointments,askwhatcanbedone.D.Ifyourdoglooksguiltywhenyouwalkinthedoorandseeamess.E.Starttopetthemandremainnearbysothatyourdogwouldbecomforted.F.Theotherdeterminedthatdogslicktheirmouthsinresponsetoamildthreat.G.Preferredpartsontheirbodiesaretoeithersideofthechestandunderthechin.【答案】36.D37.F38.B39.C40.G【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要就狗的一些常見肢體語言進行解釋說明?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)本段內(nèi)容“They’reexpectingpunishmentbutdon’tnecessarilyknowtheirbehavioriswrong.Alexandra

16Horowitz,aprofessoratBarnardCollegewhoresearchesdogs’cognition(認知),pointsoutthe“guilty”lookislinkedtobeingscoldedbytheowner.(他們知道會有懲罰，但不一定知道自己的行為是錯誤的。巴納德學院研究狗的認知的教授AlexandraHorowitz指出，“內(nèi)疚”的表情與被主人責罵有關)”可知，本段主要是關于狗看起來內(nèi)疚的情況，D選項中g(shù)uilty對應后文guilty。故D選項“當你走進門看到亂七八糟的東西時，如果你的狗看起來很內(nèi)疚”符合語境，故選D?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)標題“Ifyourdoglickstheirmouth(如果你的狗舔他們的嘴)”以及前文“Onefoundthatitwasadog’sresponsetoseeinganangryoraggressivehumanfaceonacomputerscreen.(其中一項研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，這是狗在電腦屏幕上看到憤怒或咄咄逼人的人臉時的反應)”可知，本段主要是關于狗舔嘴的解釋，F(xiàn)選項licktheirmouths對應標題licktheirmouths。故F選項“另一項研究認為，狗舔嘴是對輕微威脅的反應”符合語境，故選F。【38題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Thisisacommonreaction,butasurprisingnumberofpeopledon’trealizethatshakingandtremblingaresignsoffear.Whereasonlyaquarterofownerssaytheirdogisafraidofloudnoises,halfreportthesebehavioralsigns.(這是一種常見的反應，但令人驚訝的是，很多人沒有意識到震動和顫抖是恐懼的跡象。雖然只有四分之一的主人說他們的狗害怕大的噪音，但有一半的人報告了這些行為跡象)”可知，本段主要說明了狗害怕大的噪音，B選項noises對應后文loudnoises。故B選項“它們害怕噪音”符合語境，故選B?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)上文“They’reanxious.Obvioussignsofanunhappydogincludehidingortryingtoleavetheexamroom,butcommonlymissedtriggersrangefromatuckedtailandloweredearstotrembling.(他們焦慮。狗不開心的明顯跡象包括躲起來或試圖離開檢查室，但通常錯過的觸發(fā)因素包括夾起尾巴、垂下耳朵、顫抖)”以及后文“Manyvetsnowusefoodtomaketheexperiencemorefun.(許多獸醫(yī)現(xiàn)在用食物來增加體驗的樂趣)”可知，后文提到了減輕狗壓力的辦法，可知本句主要是針對感到壓力應該怎么辦進行提問。故C選項“如果你的狗在檢查時感到壓力，問問能做些什么”符合語境，故選C?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)上文“However,iftheyleanonyouorpawatyoutogetmorehugs,continue!(然而，如果它們靠在你身上或用爪子抓你來得到更多的擁抱，繼續(xù)！)”可知，上文提到了繼續(xù)撫摸自己的寵物，本句為本段最后一句，G選項“它們喜歡的（被撫摸的）身體部位是胸部兩側(cè)和下巴下面”符合語境，就撫摸的部位進行進一步說明。故選G。第三部分：語言運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)

17第一節(jié)完形填空(共15個小題，每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。MassimoBotturaopenedarestaurantinItalyin1995whichisatwo-timewinneroftheworld’sbest.Today,hiscookingempire____41____fromDubaitoLosAngeles.AndheisoneofthestarsofapopularNetflixseries.However,outofallthose____42____,Italy’smostcelebratedchefsaysthatthepeakisRefettorioAmbrosianos.AtRefettorioAmbrosianos,dinnerguestsaregreetedbynameanddineonfinechinaattables.Themenuchangesdaily,____43____whatcomesinwiththemorning’sdelivery.Thedeliverymay____44____dryvegetables,meatclosetosell-bydateandtoo-ugly-to-soldfruits.Bydinner,however,thesupermarketwasteshavebeen____45____intodeliciousmeals.About100diners—refugees,thehomeless,andtheunemployed—enjoythemealwithobvious____46____,laughingwiththevolunteerwaiters,praisingthevolunteerchefs,andforgetting,atleastforanhour,the____47____ofalifeonthestreets.____48____,Bottura’sRefettoriosarenotrestaurants,theyaresoupkitchens.Butunlike____49____soupkitchens,theguestsdonothavetowaitinalinetoreceivefood.AsBotturasays,theexperiencecanmakehisguests_____50_____confidence,forgetthehardshipsandfeel_____51_____.ChefsatRefettoriocookfreemealswith_____52_____fromlocalshops.SoRefettorioAmbrosianosare_____53_____asplacestofocusattentiononthegrowingglobalfoodwasteproblem.“RefettorioAmbrosianoisamovementhopingto_____54_____foodwastecrisis,”saysBottura,“Ineverthoughtleftoverfoodswereawaste.Anoldcarrot,ahardpieceofbread,brownbananas…theyarejustopportunitiesforustocreatesomething_____55_____.”41.A.extractsB.expandsC.exposesD.estimates42.A.consequencesB.fantasiesC.achievementsD.entertainments43.A.dependingonB.insistingonC.switchingonD.callingon44.A.compriseB.linkC.traceD.consume45.A.obtainedB.displayedC.transformedD.interpreted46.A.quantityB.suspectC.ambitionD.pleasure47.A.challengesB.expectationsC.boundariesD.conflicts48.A.UltimatelyB.ActuallyC.BarelyD.Merely49.A.contradictoryB.abstractC.complexD.traditional50.A.revealB.recallC.regainD.react51.A.occupiedB.trickedC.comfortedD.committed

1852.A.leftoversB.grainsC.dessertsD.recipes53.A.clarifiedB.acknowledgedC.qualifiedD.protected54.A.defendB.blameC.strengthenD.defeat55.A.vividB.remarkableC.amusingD.optimistic【答案】41.B42.C43.A44.A45.C46.D47.A48.B49.D50.C51.C52.A53.B54.D55.B【解析】【導語】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了RefettorioAmbrosianos利用商店、超市等地方的剩余物為無家可歸者做出美味，讓他的客人重新獲得信心，忘記困難?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：如今，他的烹飪帝國從迪拜擴展到了洛杉磯。A.extracts提取；B.expands擴展；C.exposes暴露；D.estimates估計。根據(jù)下文“fromDubaitoLosAngeles(從迪拜到洛杉磯)”可知，空白處應填表示“擴展”含義的動詞，故選B項。【42題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，意大利最著名的廚師說，在所有這些成就中，最高成就是RefettorioAmbrosianos。A.consequences結(jié)果；B.fantasies幻想；C.achievements成就；D.entertainments娛樂。根據(jù)下文“thepeak(最高成就)”可知上文說的是在所有的成就中，故選C項?！?3題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：菜單每天都會變化，這取決于早上送來的東西。A.dependingon取決于；B.insistingon堅持；C.switchingon轉(zhuǎn)換；D.callingon號召。根據(jù)下文“whatcomesinwiththemorning’sdelivery(早上送來的東西)”可知，早上送來的東西決定了菜單每天的變化，空白處應填表示“取決于……”含義的動詞短語，故選A項?！?4題詳解】考查動詞詞意辨析。句意：送來的東西可能包括干蔬菜、接近保質(zhì)期的肉類和難看到無法出售的水果。A.comprise包括；B.link聯(lián)系；C.trace跟蹤；D.consume消耗。根據(jù)上文“Thedelivery(送來的東西)”以及下文“dryvegetables,meatclosetosell-bydateandtoo-ugly-to-soldfruits(干蔬菜、接近保質(zhì)期的肉類和難看到無法出售的水果)”可知下文是上文的組成部分，空白處應填表示“包括”含義的動詞，故選A項。【45題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，到了晚飯時，超市里的垃圾已經(jīng)變成了美味的飯菜。A.obtained獲得；B.displayed陳列；C.transformed轉(zhuǎn)變；D.interpreted口譯。根據(jù)上文“thesupermarketwastes(

19超市里的垃圾)”以及下文“deliciousmeals.(美味的飯菜)”可知上下文中間應填表示“轉(zhuǎn)變”含義的動詞，故選C項?！?6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：大約100名食客，大多是難民、無家可歸者和失業(yè)者，享受著這頓飯的樂趣，與志愿服務員一起大笑，贊揚志愿廚師，至少在一個小時內(nèi)忘記了街頭生活的挑戰(zhàn)。A.quantity質(zhì)量；B.suspect懷疑；C.ambition野心；D.pleasure快樂。根據(jù)上文“enjoythemeal(享受這頓飯)”可知空白處應填表示“樂趣”含義的名詞，故選D項。【47題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.challenges挑戰(zhàn)；困難；B.expectations期待；C.boundaries分界線；D.conflicts沖突。根據(jù)下文“l(fā)ifeonthestreets(大街上的生活)”可知，此處上下文說的是暫時忘記大街上的艱難生活，故選A項。【48題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：事實上，Bottura的Refettorios不是餐館，它們是他們是施粥所。A.Ultimately最后地；B.Actually事實上；C.Barely勉強；D.Merely僅僅。根據(jù)下文“Bottura’sRefettoriosarenotrestaurants,theyaresoupkitchens(Bottura的Refettorios不是餐館，它們是湯房)”可知，此處陳述了一個事實，空白處應填表示“實際上”含義的副詞，故選B項?！?9題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但與傳統(tǒng)的施粥所不同，客人不必排隊領取食物。A.contradictory矛盾的；B.abstract抽象的；C.complex復雜的；D.traditional傳統(tǒng)的。根據(jù)下文“theguestsdonothavetowaitinalinetoreceivefood(客人不必排隊領取食物)”可知此處在與之前的施粥所進行比較，空白處應填“傳統(tǒng)的”含義的形容詞，故選D項?！?0題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：正如博圖拉所說，這種體驗可以讓他的客人重新獲得信心，忘記困難，感到安慰。A.reveal揭露；B.recall回想；C.regain重新獲得；D.react反應。根據(jù)下文“confidence(自信)”可知，來店里的客人大多是沒有自信的無家可歸者，這種體驗可以讓他們重新獲得自信，故選C項。【51題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.occupied占用的；B.tricked被騙的；C.comforted被安慰的；D.committed忠誠的。根據(jù)上文“theexperiencecanmakehisguestsregainconfidence,forgetthehardships(這種體驗可以讓他的客人重新獲得信心，忘記困難)”可推理出，這種體驗能給這些無家可歸者一種被安慰的感覺，故選C項?！?2題詳解】

20考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Refettorio餐廳的廚師用當?shù)厣痰甑氖２伺胫泼赓M餐點。A.leftovers剩飯；剩余物；B.grains谷物；C.desserts甜點；D.recipes食譜。根據(jù)下文“fromlocalshops(從當?shù)厣痰?”以及“Ineverthoughtleftoverfoodswereawaste(我從沒想過吃剩的食物是垃圾)”可知，空白處應填表示“剩余物”含義的名詞，故選A項?！?3題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：因此，RefettorioAmbrosianos被認為是關注日益嚴重的全球食物浪費問題的地方。A.clarified澄清；B.acknowledged承認；認為；C.qualified使具有資格；D.protected保護。beacknowledgedas為固定短語，含義為：被認為是……，根據(jù)下文“placestofocusattentiononthegrowingglobalfoodwasteproblem(關注日益嚴重的全球食物浪費問題的地方)”可知，RefettorioAmbrosianos被認為是關注日益嚴重的全球食物浪費問題的地方，故選B項?！?4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：RefettorioAmbrosiano是一個希望戰(zhàn)勝食物浪費危機的運動。A.defend防御；B.blame責怪；C.strengthen加強；D.defeat戰(zhàn)勝。根據(jù)上文“movement(運動)”以及下文“foodwastecrisis(食物浪費危機)”，分析待選項，“defeat(戰(zhàn)勝)”表達的含義符合語境，故選D項。【55題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：一根老胡蘿卜、一塊硬面包、棕色香蕉……它們正好是我們創(chuàng)造非凡事物的機會。A.vivid生動的；B.remarkable非凡的；C.amusing有趣的；D.optimistic樂觀的。根據(jù)上文“RefettorioAmbrosianoisamovementhopingtodefeatfoodwastecrisis(RefettorioAmbrosiano是一個希望戰(zhàn)勝食物浪費危機的運動)”可知，此處上下文說的是RefettorioAmbrosiano利用商店剩余物，希望戰(zhàn)勝食物浪費危機，這是一件非凡的事，故選B項。第Ⅱ卷注意：將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。第二節(jié)(10個小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Kidswanttohaveadventuresinparks,withfeatureslikeflyingfoxes,treesforclimbing,andswingsontheirwishlists,newresearchhasfound.Teens____56____(prefer)placestohangoutwithfriendslikesportscourts,whileolderadultsenjoyedmorepeaceful____57____(surround)withwalkingpaths,andshadytrees.AssociateProfessorJennyfoundthatwhilechildren,teensandolderadultsalllookedfordifferentfeaturesinparks,well-designedurbanspacesappealed____58____allagegroups.“COVID-19remindsusofthecriticalroleparksplayinourcommunity,”shesaid.“Formanypeopleduringlockdown,visiting____59____nearbyparkhasbeenoneofthehighlightsoftheday.Theyareafreespace____60____iseasytoaccessandcanhavenumerous

21benefitsonhealthandwell-being.”Apreviousparkrefurbishmentstudyshoweditcost58cents____61____(entire)togainanadditionalhourofexerciseperperson,”Veitchsaid.“Sofar,alotofmoney____62____(raise)bymanycouncilstospendonparks.____63____theproblemisthatthemoneymustbetherightexpensetoachievetheattractiveparkswantedbythepublic.Otherwise,wearewasting____64____(value)spaceandfunds.”Veitchsaidthat_____65_____(create)activeenvironmentsthatpromotephysicalactivitywasaglobalpriority,giventhattheinternationaltrendincrowdedurbanlivingandrisingobesitylevels.【答案】56.preferred57.surroundings58.to59.a60.which##that61.entirely62.hasbeenraised63.But64.valuable65.creating【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了專家發(fā)現(xiàn)，雖然兒童、青少年和老年人都在公園里尋找不同的特色，但精心設計的城市空間對所有年齡段的人都有吸引力?！?6題詳解】考查時態(tài)。句意：青少年喜歡和朋友一起出去玩的地方，比如運動場，而老年人喜歡更安靜的環(huán)境，有人行道和樹蔭。根據(jù)后文并列句謂語enjoyed可知，謂語動詞prefer為一般過去時。故填preferred?！?7題詳解】考查名詞。句意：青少年喜歡和朋友一起出去玩的地方，比如運動場，而老年人喜歡更安靜的環(huán)境，有人行道和樹蔭。作賓語，表示“環(huán)境”應用名詞surroundings。故填surroundings?！?8題詳解】考查介詞。句意：珍妮副教授發(fā)現(xiàn)，雖然兒童、青少年和老年人都在公園里尋找不同的特色，但精心設計的城市空間對所有年齡段的人都有吸引力。短語appealto表示“吸引……”。故填to?！?9題詳解】考查冠詞。句意：對封鎖期間的許多人來說，參觀附近的公園是一天中最重要的事情之一。park為可數(shù)名詞，此處為泛指且nearby是發(fā)音以輔音音素開頭的單詞，用不定冠詞a。故填a。【60題詳解】

22考查定語從句關系詞。句意：它們是一個自由的空間，很容易進入，對健康和福祉有很多好處。限制性定語從句修飾先行詞space，先行詞指物，關系詞在從句作主語，故用which或that引導。故填which/that?！?1題詳解】考查副詞。句意：之前的一項公園翻新研究表明，每人額外增加一小時的運動時間總共花費58美分。修飾動詞cost應用副詞entirely，作狀語。故填entirely。【62題詳解】考查時態(tài)語態(tài)。句意：到目前為止，許多地方議會已經(jīng)籌集了大量資金用于公園建設。主語alotofmoney與謂語動詞raise構(gòu)成被動關系，根據(jù)sofar可知為現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)，主語不可數(shù)，助動詞用has。故填hasbeenraised?！?3題詳解】考查連詞。句意：但問題是，這筆錢必須是正確的支出，以實現(xiàn)公眾想要的有吸引力的公園。結(jié)合前后文語境可知為轉(zhuǎn)折關系，應用連詞but，句首單詞首字母要大寫。故填But?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：否則，我們就是在浪費寶貴的空間和資金。修飾名詞spaceandfunds應用形容詞valuable，作定語。故填valuable?！?5題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：維奇說，鑒于城市生活擁擠和肥胖水平上升的國際趨勢，創(chuàng)造促進體育鍛煉的活躍環(huán)境是全球的當務之急。作從句的主語，應用動名詞形式。故填creating。第四部分：寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)應用文寫作(滿分15分)66.假如你是李華，上周你校舉辦了“ScienceLightsUptheFuture”為主題的科技創(chuàng)新大賽(theScienceandTechnologyInnovationContest)。請你為校報寫一篇英文報道，內(nèi)容包括：1.比賽目的；2.比賽內(nèi)容；3.活動感想。注意：1.詞數(shù)80詞左右；2.可適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。

23________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Onepossibleversion:ScienceLightsUptheFutureLastweekwitnessedtheScienceandTechnologyInnovationContestofourschoolwiththethemeof“ScienceLightsUptheFuture”.Toenrichstudents’knowledgeofmodernscienceandtechnologyaswellasinspireuswithscientificinnovationinthis“smarter”world,ourschoolheldavarietyofexhibitionsandlectures,whichwerebothinformativeandinspiring.Thereweremanyhand-onscientificdesignsandinventionsaswell,amongwhichthemostpopularoneswererocketsand3Dprinting.Thecontestwasprovedhugelyrewarding,broadeningourhorizons,promotingourcreativityandcultivatingourinnovation.【解析】【導語】本篇書面表達是一篇英文報道，要求考生以李華的身份對上周你校舉辦了“ScienceLightsUptheFuture”為主題的科技創(chuàng)新大賽(theScienceandTechnologyInnovationContest)進行報道。【詳解】1.詞匯積累舉行：hold→stage許多：many→plentyof流行的：popular→widespread證明是：beprovedtobe→turnouttobe2.句式拓展簡單句變復合句原句：Thecontestwasprovedhugelyrewarding,broadeningourhorizons,promotingourcreativityandcultivatingourinnovation.拓展句：Thecontestwassorewardingthatitcanbroadenourhorizons,promoteourcreativityandcultivateourinnovation.【點睛】【高分句型1】Toenrichstudents’knowledgeofmodernscienceandtechnologyaswellasinspireuswithscientificinnovationinthis“smarter”world,ourschoolheldavarietyofexhibitionsandlectures,whichwerebothinformativeandinspiring.(運用了動詞不定式作目的狀語，which引導非限制性定語從句)【高分句型2】Thereweremanyhand-onscientificdesignsandinventionsaswell,amongwhichthemost

24popularoneswererocketsand3Dprinting.（運用了“介詞+關系代詞”引導非限制性定語從句）第二節(jié)：讀后續(xù)寫(滿分25分)67.閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。“Dad,areyousuretherewillbeabarofchocolate?”Iasked,liningupwithDadandUncleJohnnearthebackofmanyrunnersinLosAngeles.Myfirstmarathon.Itwaspouringrain,mylegswerecold,andIwaswishingIhadn’tbeentoonervoustoeatabiggerbreakfast.“Thereweretablesofchocolatebarseverymileatmylastmarathon,”Dadsaid.Suddenlyeveryonearoundusstartedmoving.WayupaheadIsawsmokefromthecannon(手槍).Ourmarathonstarted.“Yougoonahead,”Dadsaid,panting.“I’llseeyouattheend.”UncleJohnandIzigzaggedthroughtherunners.SoonDadwaswaybehind.Wereachedmile5,butIstillhadn’tseenachocolatebaranywhere.Instead,thestreetswerelinedwithfast-foodplaces.IsmelledthefoodasIran—doughnuts,hamburgers,fries.Bymile8,Iwasstarving.HowIwishedI’deatensixpiecesoftoast,eggs,bacon,...Itwasrainingsohard.Myhandsstungfromthecold.Onthebalconiespeopleyelledandwavedtous.Atmile10,Itookapowergel(能量膠)outofmypocketandtriedtoopenit,butmyhandsweresocoldasiftheyhadbeenfrozenintofists.WhenIroundedthecorner,Isawmyauntandmylittlebrothercheeringforus.Iwantedtostopandtalk,butIcouldn’tgetoutoftheflowofrunners.Theroadaheadwasyellow.Thousandsofbananaskinseverywhere.Foodatlast!Igrabbedabananaandwolfeditdown.Mile15.Ilookeddownatmyfeetandwatchedthemrunacrossthestars.Thereweretablesfullofpowergels.Itookoneandtoreitopen.Myhandshadcomeunfrozen.Isqueezedthepacketandfilledmymouthwithsweetstuff.Chocolatewouldtastebetter.注意：1.所續(xù)寫短文的詞數(shù)應為150左右；2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應位置作答。Paragraph1:MylegsachedandIdidn’twanttorunanotherinch.

25________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Paragraph2:Iwasrunningatfullspeed,andthecrowdwasyellingjustforme.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Paragraph1:MylegsachedandIdidn’twanttorunanotherinch.Thethoughtofgivingupandhavingabathmountedinsideme.Finallyhungercoupledwiththefiercerainsucceededinpersuadingme!ItoldUncleJohntogoonaheadandwalkedintothebathroom.WhenIcameout,Idraggedmylegstowardsthefinishline.Alongtheway,olderpeopleranpastme,andyelled,“Don’tgiveup.”which,hardenedmyheart.Icouldn’thelpthinking,iftheycoulddoit,socouldI.Afterastruggleinmyheart,Idecidedtospeedup.Paragraph2:Iwasrunningatfullspeed,andthecrowdwasyellingjustforme.Withaglowrekindledinmymind,Ioutrantherunnersinsight.Mile25.Soakedwithsweat,IwasonthelastlongstretchandIcouldhearthecrowdatthefinishline.Ihurriedmysteps,andupaheadthousandsofpeoplelinedthestreet.WhenIcrossedthatfinishline,Ifeltlikeawinner.Afewminuteslater,uncleJohnandIsatwithterminalblanketsaroundus.WewerestillwaitingforDad.Iwasfinallyeatingachocolatebar.AnditwasthebestoneIhadevertasted.【解析】【導語】本文以人物為線索展開，講述了作者和父親參加馬拉松比賽，半道上作者餓了，一度想要放棄。在一個年長的人的鼓勵下，作者最后還是完成了比賽，終于吃到了巧克力棒?！驹斀狻?.段落續(xù)寫：①由第一段首句內(nèi)容“我的腿疼，一英寸也不想跑了”可知，第一段可描寫作者想要放棄的心理活動以及他人的鼓勵②由第二段首句內(nèi)容“我全速奔跑，人群沖著我大喊大叫”可知，第二段可描寫作者完成比賽，吃到了巧克力棒。2.續(xù)寫線索：想要放棄——受到鼓勵——繼續(xù)比賽——完成比賽——吃到巧克力棒3.詞匯激活行為類

26放棄：giveup/quit決定：decidetodo/bedeterminedtodo最后：finally/atlast想要：feellike/want情緒類最好的：best/greatest【點睛】[高分句型1]WhenIcameout,Idraggedmylegstowardsthefinishline.(運用了when引導時間狀語從句)[高分句型2]Withaglowrekindledinmymind,Ioutrantherunnersinsight.(運用了with的復合結(jié)構(gòu))

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