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1、某轎車(chē)白車(chē)身剛度、強(qiáng)度及模態(tài)有限元分析重慶大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文(專業(yè)學(xué)位)學(xué)生姓名:李金龍指導(dǎo)教師:嚴(yán)波教授兼職導(dǎo)師:周建文高工學(xué)位類別:工程碩士(車(chē)輛工程領(lǐng)域)重慶大學(xué)汽車(chē)工程學(xué)院二O一五年五月FiniteElementAnalysisofStiffness,StrengthandModeofABody-in-whiteAThesisSubmittedtoChongqingUniversityinPartialFulfillmentoftheRequirementfortheProfessionalDegreeByLiJinlongSupervisedbyProf.YanBoAssistan
2、tSupervisedbyZhouJinwenSpecialty:ME(VehicleEngineeringField)CollegeofAutomotiveEngineeringofChongqingUniversity,Chongqing,ChinaMay,2015中文摘要摘要白車(chē)身結(jié)構(gòu)的優(yōu)良直接影響汽車(chē)的安全性、舒適性和耐久性,車(chē)身結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)需同時(shí)滿足剛度、強(qiáng)度和固有頻率的要求。本論文以某轎車(chē)白車(chē)身為研究對(duì)象,利用有限元方法模擬研究該白車(chē)身結(jié)構(gòu)的剛度、強(qiáng)度和動(dòng)力特性。主要研究工作如下:首先建立轎車(chē)白車(chē)身結(jié)構(gòu)的力學(xué)簡(jiǎn)化模型,進(jìn)而利用有限元前處理軟件HYPERMESH建立三維有限元模型,包
3、括網(wǎng)格劃分、連接關(guān)系定義、創(chuàng)建并賦予材料屬性等。利用NASTRAN有限元軟件模擬計(jì)算該白車(chē)身結(jié)構(gòu)的彎曲剛度和扭轉(zhuǎn)剛度,同時(shí)利用試驗(yàn)測(cè)量該車(chē)身的彎曲剛度和扭轉(zhuǎn)剛度。數(shù)值模擬和試驗(yàn)結(jié)果的比較表明,兩者結(jié)果一致,驗(yàn)證了有限元模型的正確性。針對(duì)制動(dòng)、轉(zhuǎn)彎、單輪懸空等典型工況,采用有限元方法對(duì)白車(chē)身結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行線性分析,得到車(chē)身結(jié)構(gòu)的應(yīng)力分布。為了更加準(zhǔn)確地分析車(chē)身頂蓋的應(yīng)力分布,考慮車(chē)身頂蓋構(gòu)件之間的接觸及材料非線性,對(duì)頂蓋在雪壓作用下的應(yīng)力進(jìn)行局部分析。最后,對(duì)該白車(chē)身結(jié)構(gòu)的自由模態(tài)進(jìn)行有限元分析,得到其低階模態(tài)和固有頻率。將計(jì)算所得結(jié)果與車(chē)身結(jié)構(gòu)所受路面激勵(lì)頻率及發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)怠速頻率進(jìn)行比較,結(jié)果表明,
4、該轎車(chē)車(chē)身結(jié)構(gòu)的固有頻率避開(kāi)了共振頻率,模態(tài)分布合理。本論文工作為該轎車(chē)車(chē)身結(jié)構(gòu)的設(shè)計(jì)及進(jìn)一步的優(yōu)化提供了參考,具有重要的實(shí)際意義。關(guān)鍵詞:有限元分析,白車(chē)身,剛度,強(qiáng)度,模態(tài)I英文摘要ABSTRACTThebody-in-whitestructuredirectlyaffectsthesafety,comfortanddurabilityofthevehicle,sowhetherthebodystructurehasgoodpropertiesisofgreatimportance.Thispapertakesthebody-in-whitestructureofacertaintyp
5、eastheresearchobject,presentsthefiniteelementmethodofhowtostudythestiffness,strengthanddynamiccharacteristicsofthebodystructure.Themainresearchworkisasfollows:Firstly,webuiltthesimplifiedmodelofthebody-in-whitestructurewiththeFEAsoftware,whichincludedthegenerationoffiniteelementmesh,thedefinitiono
6、fconnectionrelations,thedefinitionofmaterialproperties,etc.Secondly,basedontheabovemodel,wecalculatedthetorsionstiffnessandthebendingstiffnessofthebody-in-whitestructure.Meanwhile,wealsomeasuredthesamestiffnessofthebodystructurebythetest.Andthecomparisonbetweenthesimulationandthetestpresents,thetw
7、oresultsareofgoodconsistency,whichverifiesthecorrectnessofthefiniteelementmodel.Thirdly,wecalculatedthestressdistributionofbody-in-whitestructureundersometypicalworkingcondition.Inordertogetamoreaccurateanalysiso