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1、稅務(wù)稽查中的權(quán)力尋租及其防范中文提要由于政府的干預(yù)普遍存在和對(duì)行政權(quán)力監(jiān)督的不到位,使得尋租行為在行政權(quán)力機(jī)關(guān)非常普遍。稅務(wù)部門中的稽查部門由于設(shè)立的時(shí)間較短,權(quán)力相對(duì)又比較大,因此在權(quán)力運(yùn)行過程中出現(xiàn)了較為普遍的稽查尋租現(xiàn)象。對(duì)稽查尋租進(jìn)行研究有著其現(xiàn)實(shí)的意義?;槿藛T的權(quán)力尋租是指稽查人員利用手中的權(quán)力,避開各種監(jiān)控、法規(guī)、審核,尋求并獲取自身經(jīng)濟(jì)利益的一種非生產(chǎn)性活動(dòng)。權(quán)力尋租者將公權(quán)化為私權(quán),以謀取金錢和物質(zhì)利益。權(quán)物交易、權(quán)錢交易、權(quán)權(quán)交易、權(quán)色交易等等都屬于權(quán)力尋租的范疇。權(quán)力尋租存在于稅務(wù)稽查四環(huán)節(jié)的各個(gè)權(quán)力點(diǎn)
2、中?;闄?quán)力尋租具有嚴(yán)重的消極后果,危害極大。權(quán)力社會(huì)與利益社會(huì)下正式規(guī)則的缺失和非正式約束的軟化導(dǎo)致稽查尋租不可避免的存在。解決稽查中的權(quán)力尋租問題,一是完善稽查法律法規(guī),建立嚴(yán)密組織體系,從法律、組織層面規(guī)避權(quán)力尋租;二是梳理與分割稽查執(zhí)法程序,規(guī)范稅務(wù)稽查執(zhí)法,從稽查“四環(huán)節(jié)"上防范尋租行為;三是加強(qiáng)制度建設(shè),打造監(jiān)督網(wǎng)絡(luò),從全方位的監(jiān)督管理層面杜絕尋租行為;四是是改變稽查理念、革新業(yè)務(wù)流程、創(chuàng)新檢查方法、提高執(zhí)法的科學(xué)性、確定性,從稽查專業(yè)化管理層面上遏制尋租行為;五是加強(qiáng)稽查隊(duì)伍建設(shè),提高和保持稽查隊(duì)伍整體素質(zhì)和修
3、養(yǎng),從干部隊(duì)伍的專業(yè)素質(zhì)層面制約尋租行為;六是建立健全科學(xué)全面的稽查考核的指標(biāo)體系,提高稽查執(zhí)法水平和執(zhí)法質(zhì)量,從獎(jiǎng)懲考核及責(zé)任追究層面抑制尋租行為。主題詞:稅收稽查權(quán)力尋租防范作者:于云村指導(dǎo)教師:趙康(教授)稅務(wù)稽查中的權(quán)力尋租及其防范英文提要RentSeekingandItsPreventionOKTaxInspectionAbstractSincethegovernment’swidespreadinterventionandinsufficientoversightoftheexecutivepower,theph
4、enomenonofinspector’Srightrentseekingbecomesverypopularintheexecutiveauthority.Becauseofitsshort-timeestablishmentandrelativelargepower,thetaxaffairsinspectiondepartmentshavewidespreadrightrentseekingduringtheprocessofpoweroperation.Thus,theresearchofinspector’Srig
5、htrentseekinghaspracticalsignificance.Inspector’Srightrentseekingisannon-productiveactivitythattheinspectors,withtheirownexecutiveright,avoidvariouskindsofmonitoring,regulationsandaudittoseekandaccesstotheirowneconomicinterests.礎(chǔ)gbtrentseekingofinspectormorristoput
6、privacyintothepublicrighttoobtainmoneyandmaterialinterests.Right-material,money,powerandSeXtradingandSOonbelongtothescopeofrightrentseeking.RentseekingCanbefoundinallfoursegmentsofthepowerpointsoftaximpoctions.Meanwhile,inspector’Srightrentseekinghasseriousnegative
7、consequencesandisextremelyhazardous.Thelackofformalruleandregulations,thesofteningofinformalconstraintsleadtothatinspector’Srightrent-seekingexitsinevitablyunderthePowerandsocialinterestsofthesociety.Thesolutionstoinspector’Srightrentseekingareasfollows,F(xiàn)irstly,thr
8、oughimprovingauditinglawsandregulations,establishingwell-organizedsystemtockcumventtherightrent—seekingfromlegalandorganizationallevel.Secondly,C