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1、科技英語(yǔ)翻譯基本方法Oct.11一、照譯（一）詞語(yǔ)的照譯armedtotheteeth武裝到牙齒shedcrocodiletears流鱷魚(yú)眼淚Springtidesoccureverytwoweeks,usuallywithinafewdaysofthenewandfullmoon.(二)句子的照譯就句子的層面而言，照譯指的是基本按照英語(yǔ)原文語(yǔ)序或原文主體結(jié)構(gòu)的語(yǔ)序進(jìn)行翻譯的方法，即采用順譯法。如：Differentformsofenergyallcanbeusedtodowork.Researchersa
2、tMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology（MIT）havedevelopedasiliconwaferimplantthatmaybeusedforlongtermdrugadministrationinthefuture.二、刪減（一）詞語(yǔ)的刪減1.刪減動(dòng)詞（包括非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞）Whenthepressuregetslow，theboilingpointbecomeslow.Chemicalcleaninghasthedistinctadvantageofbeingequally
3、applicabletostraightorbowedtubes.Radarinvolvestransmittingelectromagneticwavesofveryshortwavelength.（2）刪減冠詞Theatomisthesmallestparticleofanelement.Thesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest.（3）刪減代詞Butit'sthewayIam，andtryasImight，Ihaven'tbeenabletochangeit.Onemus
4、thavestudiedhardbeforeonecouldsucceedinmasteringaforeignlanguage.(4)刪減介詞Smokingisprohibitedinpublicplaces.（5）刪減連詞（含各類(lèi)關(guān)聯(lián)詞）Weightisadownforce，andthereforeanyobjectwillmovedownward.Thesunheatstheearth，whichmakesitpossibleforplantstogrow.Theycametotheschoollab
5、,wheretheymadeexperimentsfortwohours.（6）刪減語(yǔ)義重復(fù)的詞語(yǔ)Semiconductordeviceshavenofilamentorheaters；hence,theyrequirenoheatingpowerorwarmeduptime.Increasedrateofreaction，inthepresenceofcatalyzers，iscalledcatalysis，orcatalyticaction.(二)子句的刪減Theuniversityapplicants
6、whohadworkedatajobwouldreceivepreferenceoverthosewhohadnot.譯文A：那些有過(guò)工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)的報(bào)考大學(xué)的人要比不曾有過(guò)工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)的報(bào)考大學(xué)的人優(yōu)先錄取。譯文B：報(bào)考大學(xué)的人，有工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)的要比沒(méi)有工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)的優(yōu)先錄取。譯文C：報(bào)考大學(xué)的人，有工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)的優(yōu)先錄取。三、增補(bǔ)Heallowedthefathertobeoverruledbythejudge，anddeclaredhisownsonguilty.（一）為補(bǔ)足原文詞匯含義而增補(bǔ)（1）對(duì)抽象名詞進(jìn)行增補(bǔ)deg
7、radation退化現(xiàn)象，降解作用distribution分布狀況observation觀察結(jié)果preparation準(zhǔn)備工作/制備過(guò)程reduction還原反應(yīng)/作用過(guò)程resonance共振現(xiàn)象Inrapidoxidationaflameisproduced.OurnormalizationissuchthatthecurvesinFig.3canberegardedasprobabilitydistributions.（2）對(duì)普通名詞進(jìn)行增補(bǔ)Thearrowsintheleadsidentifythe
8、materials.Lightwavesweakenastheyspreadoutfromasource.（3）對(duì)形容詞以及名詞定語(yǔ)進(jìn)行增補(bǔ)ThisnewtypeofTVsetisreallyfineandinexpensive.Sinceconductionisbybothholesandelectrons,thejunctiontransistorisbipolar.（四）對(duì)動(dòng)詞進(jìn)行增補(bǔ)Wemustmaket
