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1、科技英語翻譯基本方法Oct.11一、照譯（一）詞語的照譯armedtotheteeth武裝到牙齒shedcrocodiletears流鱷魚眼淚Springtidesoccureverytwoweeks,usuallywithinafewdaysofthenewandfullmoon.(二)句子的照譯就句子的層面而言，照譯指的是基本按照英語原文語序或原文主體結構的語序進行翻譯的方法，即采用順譯法。如：Differentformsofenergyallcanbeusedtodowork.Researchersa
2、tMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology（MIT）havedevelopedasiliconwaferimplantthatmaybeusedforlongtermdrugadministrationinthefuture.二、刪減（一）詞語的刪減1.刪減動詞（包括非謂語動詞）Whenthepressuregetslow，theboilingpointbecomeslow.Chemicalcleaninghasthedistinctadvantageofbeingequally
3、applicabletostraightorbowedtubes.Radarinvolvestransmittingelectromagneticwavesofveryshortwavelength.（2）刪減冠詞Theatomisthesmallestparticleofanelement.Thesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest.（3）刪減代詞Butit'sthewayIam，andtryasImight，Ihaven'tbeenabletochangeit.Onemus
4、thavestudiedhardbeforeonecouldsucceedinmasteringaforeignlanguage.(4)刪減介詞Smokingisprohibitedinpublicplaces.（5）刪減連詞（含各類關聯(lián)詞）Weightisadownforce，andthereforeanyobjectwillmovedownward.Thesunheatstheearth，whichmakesitpossibleforplantstogrow.Theycametotheschoollab
5、,wheretheymadeexperimentsfortwohours.（6）刪減語義重復的詞語Semiconductordeviceshavenofilamentorheaters；hence,theyrequirenoheatingpowerorwarmeduptime.Increasedrateofreaction，inthepresenceofcatalyzers，iscalledcatalysis，orcatalyticaction.(二)子句的刪減Theuniversityapplicants
6、whohadworkedatajobwouldreceivepreferenceoverthosewhohadnot.譯文A：那些有過工作經(jīng)驗的報考大學的人要比不曾有過工作經(jīng)驗的報考大學的人優(yōu)先錄取。譯文B：報考大學的人，有工作經(jīng)驗的要比沒有工作經(jīng)驗的優(yōu)先錄取。譯文C：報考大學的人，有工作經(jīng)驗的優(yōu)先錄取。三、增補Heallowedthefathertobeoverruledbythejudge，anddeclaredhisownsonguilty.（一）為補足原文詞匯含義而增補（1）對抽象名詞進行增補deg
7、radation退化現(xiàn)象，降解作用distribution分布狀況observation觀察結果preparation準備工作/制備過程reduction還原反應/作用過程resonance共振現(xiàn)象Inrapidoxidationaflameisproduced.OurnormalizationissuchthatthecurvesinFig.3canberegardedasprobabilitydistributions.（2）對普通名詞進行增補Thearrowsintheleadsidentifythe
8、materials.Lightwavesweakenastheyspreadoutfromasource.（3）對形容詞以及名詞定語進行增補ThisnewtypeofTVsetisreallyfineandinexpensive.Sinceconductionisbybothholesandelectrons,thejunctiontransistorisbipolar.（四）對動詞進行增補Wemustmaket
