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1、肛管直腸惡性黑色素瘤臨床病理誤診分析中國胃腸外科朵志2000年第3期第3港論著作者:裴素麗潘虎馬杰喬思杰單位:450003鄭州,河南省腫瘤醫(yī)院病理科關(guān)鍵詞:肛門;直腸;黑色素瘤;惡性;誤診【摘要】口的分析肛管直腸惡性黑色素瘤臨床及病理謀診的原因,探討避免誤診的辦法。方法對15例肛管直腸惡性黑色索瘤進行冋顧性分析和免疫組化觀察。結(jié)杲臨床誤診率為867%(13/15)。其中謀診為良性病變占667%(10/15),誤診為痔或痔伴有肛周膿腫7例、息肉2例及慢性炎癥1例;3例誤診為肚管直腸癌。延誤診治時間3個月至1年?;顧z病理誤診率為533%(
2、8/15),其中誤診為低分化腺癌6例,平滑肌肉瘤、類癌各1例。5例無色索性惡性黑色索瘤全部謀診。結(jié)論肛管比腸惡性黑色索瘤臨床謀診率高,病理活檢難以準確分型。臨床和病理醫(yī)生應(yīng)密切配合,作直腸指診,及時活檢;對病理標(biāo)本多作切片,仔細尋找黑色素顆粒并對可疑標(biāo)木進行免疫組織化學(xué)檢查,有助明確診斷。ClinicopathologicalanalysisformisdiagnosisofanorectalmalignantmelanomaPEISuli,PANHu,MAJie,etal(DepailmentofPathology,HenanTum
3、orHospital,Zhengzhou450003,China)【Abstract]ObjectiveToanalyzethecausesofclinicalandpathologicalmisdiagnosisofanorectalmalignantmelanomaandinvestigatehowtoavoidsuchmisdiagnosis.MethodsClinicalandpathologicaldatajncludingimmunohistochemicalstainingof15caseswithanorectalma
4、lignantmelanomawereanalyzedretrospectively.ResultsClinicalmisdiagnosisratewas867%(13/15),ofwhich5casesweremisdiagnosedasanorectalcancersand10casesasbenigndiseases,including7ashemoiThoidsaccompaniedbyanalabscessornot,2aspolypus,oneaschronicinflammation.Thecorrectdiagnosi
5、sandtherapyweredelayedfromthreemonthstooneyear.Misdiagnosisrateofpathologicalbiopsywas533%(8/15)including6casesmisdiagnosedaspoordifferentiatedadenocarcinoma,oneasleiomyosarcomaand1ascarcinoid.All5casesofmalignantamelanoticmelanomaweremisdiagnosed.ConclusionsBecauseofhi
6、ghclinicalmisdiagnosisrateanddifficultytomakediagnosisofhistologicaltypebypathologicalbiopsy.itisimportantforclinicalsurgeonsandpathologicalexpertstocooperateclosely,andtoperformdigitalexaminationandbiopsyintime.ltishelpfultomakeacorrectdiagnosisthatmoreslidesandmelanot
7、icpigmentgranulesshouldbeexaminedcarefully,andsuspectedsamplesshouldreceiveimmunohistochemicalassay.【Keywords]Anus;Rectum;Melanoma,malignant;Misdiagnosis肚管立腸惡性黑色索瘤較少見,但近年其發(fā)病率不斷增高,生存率卻仍很低[1],而且腫瘤極易謀診為良性病變[2,3]。我們收集木院1984?2000年2月肚管直腸惡性黑色索瘤15例的有關(guān)資料及手術(shù)標(biāo)本,對其臨床表現(xiàn)及病理形態(tài)特點和免疫組化標(biāo)
8、記進行分析。對彖與方法一、對象本組15例中男3例,女12例。發(fā)病年齡39?67歲,中位年齡525歲。其中14例有血便病史,2例為肛門反復(fù)脫出物,1例伴肛周疼痛。直腸指診為結(jié)節(jié)狀伴或不伴向腸腔內(nèi)突出的腫塊13例,痔樣息肉2