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1、食刑食品,II斜妓Vo1.36,No.04,2015南酸棗果膠性質(zhì)研究梁瑞紅,郭文麗’,陳軍,劉偉’,劉成梅’,劉繼延(1.南昌大學(xué)食品科學(xué)與技術(shù)國(guó)家重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室,江西南昌330047;2.江西齊云山食品有限公司,江西崇義341000)摘要:以南酸棗棗肉為原料,采用酸提和水提兩種方法提取果膠,對(duì)其理化性質(zhì)進(jìn)行分析,并研究其凝膠的影響因素(濃度、pH、糖含量)。結(jié)果表明,酸提和水提得到的南酸棗果膠的提取率分別為1.62%、1.27%,半乳糖醛酸含量分別為74.24%、77.8l%,酯化度分別為60.04%、61.96%。所得果膠的半乳糖醛
2、酸含量、干燥失重、灰分、蛋白質(zhì)、pH均滿足國(guó)標(biāo)的要求。相同濃度下水提果膠的粘度大于酸提果膠;兩者的凝膠強(qiáng)度和咀嚼性均隨著果膠濃度和體系含糖量的增大而增大,且水提果膠大于酸提果膠;酸提果膠的凝膠強(qiáng)度和咀嚼性在pH2.8時(shí)最大,水提果膠則在pH2.6時(shí)最大。該文為南酸棗糕產(chǎn)品的生產(chǎn)提供理論參考。關(guān)鍵詞:南酸棗,果膠,酸提,水提,凝膠性能StudyingpropertiesofpectinfrOmChoerospondiasaxillarisLIANGRui—hongI,GUOWen-li,CHENjun1,*,LIUWei,LIUChen
3、g-mei,LIUJi-yan(1.StateKeyLaboratoryofFoodScienceandTechnology,NanchangUniversity,Nanchang330047,China:2.JiangxiQiyunshanFoodCo.,Ltd.,Chongyi341000,China)Abstract:Pectinwasextractedfr0mfreshpulpofChoerospondiasaxillarisbyusingacidandwaterrespectively.Itsphysicochemicalp
4、ropertiesandfactors(concentration,pH,sugarcontent)thatinfluencegellingpropertieswerestudied.Theresultsshowedthattheyield,galacturonicacidcontent,anddegreeofmethoxylationofacid—extractionandwater—extractionwere162%and1.27%,74.24%and77.81%,60.04%and61.96%,respectively.The
5、galacturonicacidcontent,weightlossondrying,ashcontent,proteincontent,pHofpectinsallsatisfiedtherequirementofnationalstandard.Theviscosityofwater-extractedpectinwasbiggerthanthatofacid-extractedpectinatthesameconcentrationGeIstrengthandchewinessforbothpectinincreasedwith
6、theincreaseofpectinconcentrationandsugarcontent,andthoseofwater—extractedpectinwasbiggerthanthoseofacid-extractedone.ThelargestgelstrengthandchewinessachievedatDH2.8foracid-extractedpectin,andpH2.6forwater—extractedpectin.ThispaperprovidedtheoreticalreferenceforChoerosp
7、ondiasaxilarisproducts.Keywords:Choerospondiasaxf~fies;pectin;acidextraction;waterextraction;gellingproperty中圖分類號(hào):TS255.1文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼:A文章編號(hào):1002—0306(2015)04—0301—05doi:10.13386~.issnlO02—0306.2015.04.057果膠是一種天然的高分子聚合物,主要存在于植多種營(yíng)養(yǎng)成分,具有很高的營(yíng)養(yǎng)和藥用價(jià)值。但南物細(xì)胞壁中,其主鏈?zhǔn)且砸籰,4糖苷鍵連接的多聚半乳酸棗味酸澀
8、,且采摘后易腐爛發(fā)酵,損失大量營(yíng)養(yǎng)物糖醛酸(homogalacturonans,HG),側(cè)鏈?zhǔn)怯啥痰某拭|(zhì),不利于鮮棗的貯藏保鮮和流通,因此常被加工成發(fā)狀的鼠李糖半乳糖醛酸聚糖(rhamnogalacturonans,酸