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1、食刑食品,II斜妓Vo1.36,No.04,2015南酸棗果膠性質(zhì)研究梁瑞紅,郭文麗’,陳軍,劉偉’,劉成梅’,劉繼延(1.南昌大學(xué)食品科學(xué)與技術(shù)國家重點實驗室,江西南昌330047;2.江西齊云山食品有限公司,江西崇義341000)摘要:以南酸棗棗肉為原料,采用酸提和水提兩種方法提取果膠,對其理化性質(zhì)進行分析,并研究其凝膠的影響因素(濃度、pH、糖含量)。結(jié)果表明,酸提和水提得到的南酸棗果膠的提取率分別為1.62%、1.27%,半乳糖醛酸含量分別為74.24%、77.8l%,酯化度分別為60.04%、61.96%。所得果膠的半乳糖醛
2、酸含量、干燥失重、灰分、蛋白質(zhì)、pH均滿足國標的要求。相同濃度下水提果膠的粘度大于酸提果膠;兩者的凝膠強度和咀嚼性均隨著果膠濃度和體系含糖量的增大而增大,且水提果膠大于酸提果膠;酸提果膠的凝膠強度和咀嚼性在pH2.8時最大,水提果膠則在pH2.6時最大。該文為南酸棗糕產(chǎn)品的生產(chǎn)提供理論參考。關(guān)鍵詞:南酸棗,果膠,酸提,水提,凝膠性能StudyingpropertiesofpectinfrOmChoerospondiasaxillarisLIANGRui—hongI,GUOWen-li,CHENjun1,*,LIUWei,LIUChen
3、g-mei,LIUJi-yan(1.StateKeyLaboratoryofFoodScienceandTechnology,NanchangUniversity,Nanchang330047,China:2.JiangxiQiyunshanFoodCo.,Ltd.,Chongyi341000,China)Abstract:Pectinwasextractedfr0mfreshpulpofChoerospondiasaxillarisbyusingacidandwaterrespectively.Itsphysicochemicalp
4、ropertiesandfactors(concentration,pH,sugarcontent)thatinfluencegellingpropertieswerestudied.Theresultsshowedthattheyield,galacturonicacidcontent,anddegreeofmethoxylationofacid—extractionandwater—extractionwere162%and1.27%,74.24%and77.81%,60.04%and61.96%,respectively.The
5、galacturonicacidcontent,weightlossondrying,ashcontent,proteincontent,pHofpectinsallsatisfiedtherequirementofnationalstandard.Theviscosityofwater-extractedpectinwasbiggerthanthatofacid-extractedpectinatthesameconcentrationGeIstrengthandchewinessforbothpectinincreasedwith
6、theincreaseofpectinconcentrationandsugarcontent,andthoseofwater—extractedpectinwasbiggerthanthoseofacid-extractedone.ThelargestgelstrengthandchewinessachievedatDH2.8foracid-extractedpectin,andpH2.6forwater—extractedpectin.ThispaperprovidedtheoreticalreferenceforChoerosp
7、ondiasaxilarisproducts.Keywords:Choerospondiasaxf~fies;pectin;acidextraction;waterextraction;gellingproperty中圖分類號:TS255.1文獻標識碼:A文章編號:1002—0306(2015)04—0301—05doi:10.13386~.issnlO02—0306.2015.04.057果膠是一種天然的高分子聚合物,主要存在于植多種營養(yǎng)成分,具有很高的營養(yǎng)和藥用價值。但南物細胞壁中,其主鏈是以一l,4糖苷鍵連接的多聚半乳酸棗味酸澀
8、,且采摘后易腐爛發(fā)酵,損失大量營養(yǎng)物糖醛酸(homogalacturonans,HG),側(cè)鏈是由短的呈毛質(zhì),不利于鮮棗的貯藏保鮮和流通,因此常被加工成發(fā)狀的鼠李糖半乳糖醛酸聚糖(rhamnogalacturonans,酸